Whats up with the pressure in my head?

Question by Kiana: Whats up with the pressure in my head?
I have had pressure in my head above my eye brows and kind of around my temple too. It is on both sides. My most recent symptom is occasional dizziness. This has been happening for about a week.

Best answer:

Answer by DigestDemons
Deffiantly go to a doctor, you never know it could be very serious expecially if its been there all week. Dont stress out though your probabley fine but you should deffiantly go.

What do you think? Answer below!

Q&A: How can I get a spinal tap test when doctors refuse?

Question by Linda P @ lindasbook2004: How can I get a spinal tap test when doctors refuse?
I have rare IgM deficiency disorder. Most doctors are not educated on the disease, and my care/illness has been hellish due to lack of further evidence.Years back many doctors thought a spinal tap test would show health problem and one was done, but the test was never run on the sample taken, and doctors were told the test was found negative when it wasn’t run at all. When I discovered the error years later and learned my chronic sepsis problem could only best be shown by lumbar puncture/spinal tap testing, doctors turned me away. My care is bad due to lack of proof due to too many skeptical doctors who won’t call the CDC for their treatment guidelines I seek. My neuro damage temporary or permanent? is a social and pain problem and I want help to get the test or the reccommended CDC care. IgM specialists are out of state and may or may not do the test. I’d like the proof as so many doctors disagree with the CDC info that I don’t know how else to assuage their doubts.

Best answer:

Answer by Adam V
I am a physician. If this test is indeed indicated then your doctor should order it. If he or she refuses then find a new doctor in the area. If multiple doctors are telling you that this is not needed, then there is likely a good reason -especially if you are pointing out that it is need. Perhaps your understanding of the medical recommendations is not complete and you should print of the whole section and go over it with your doctor. Most of the time these sorts of problems are due to poor communication (patient or doctor) rather than poor doctoring.

www.emedicine.com is a useful resource if you are looking for info. Else do a primary lit search for your problem and see what studies have shown.

Give your answer to this question below!

Q&A: I been prescribed norcos for chronic pain, can my doctor prescribe me a withdrawal pill?

Question by Crystal: I been prescribed norcos for chronic pain, can my doctor prescribe me a withdrawal pill?
I been on norcos for a year now. Am i wasting my time going to my doctor asking for a withdrawal pill and pain management classes? I have no insurance, going to the county hospital is a very long wait. Im afraid after waiting hours in the ER, Im being told to search for a detox clinic.

Best answer:

Answer by austin
Normal doctors cannot prescribe a opiete maintenance medicine. They can only precribe a med like colonodine which is nice but not what id assume your looking for. Find a suboxone doctor that you can pay cash ( I know shady but thats life) you can get a script of suboxone for around 100 dollers a month. if you go to er theyll charge you and refer you to a detox place which might be smartest idea I wish I did that now I feel addicted to my suboxone. I wish you the best of luck I know what your going through and it sucks

Give your answer to this question below!

Cool Natural Remedies For Chronic Pain images

Some cool natural remedies for chronic pain images:

Guava, Psidium guava ‘s fruit …Trái ?i ….


Image by Vietnam Plants & The USA. plants
Nh?ng t?m hình này ?ã up load trong account c? c?a tôi là " jesuismal ", nay ?ã delete.
These photos in this set were up loaded in my old account "jesuismal" which I deleted.

Vietnamese named : ?i
English names : Guava
Scientist name : Psidium guava Linn.
Synonyms : Calyptropsidium O.Berg
Corynemyrtus (Kiaersk.) Mattos
Guajava Mill.
Mitropsidium Burret
Family : Myrtaceae. H? Sim ( ?ào Kim N??ng )

Searched from :

**** WIKI
vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%BB%94i

?i ta (danh pháp khoa h?c: Psidium guajava) là loài cây ?n qu? th??ng xanh lâu n?m, thu?c h? ?ào kim n??ng, có ngu?n g?c t? Brasil.

??c ?i?m

Cây ?i nh? h?n cây v?i, nhãn, cao nhi?u nh?t 10m, ???ng kính thân t?i ?a 30cm. Nh?ng gi?ng m?i còn nh? và lùn h?n n?a[1].
Thân cây ch?c, kh?e, ng?n vì phân cành s?m. Thân nh?n nh?i r?t ít b? sâu ??c, v? già có th? tróc ra t?ng m?ng phía d??i l?i có m?t l??t v? m?i c?ng nh?n, màu xám, h?i xanh. Cành non 4 c?nh, khi già m?i tròn d?n, lá ??i x?ng[1].
Hoa l??ng tính, b?u h?, m?c t?ng chùm 2, 3 chi?c, ít khi ? ??u cành mà th??ng ? nách lá, cánh 5, màu tr?ng, nhi?u nh? vàng, h?t ph?n nh? r?t nhi?u, phôi c?ng nhi?u. Ngo?i hoa th? ph?n d? dàng nh?ng c?ng có th? t? th? ph?n[1].
Qu? to t? 4 – 5g ??n 500 – 700 g g?n tròn, dài thuôn ho?c hình ch? lê. H?t nhi?u, tr?n gi?a m?t kh?i th?t qu? màu tr?ng, h?ng, ?? vàng. T? khi th? ph?n ??n khi qu? chín kho?ng 100 ngày

Các gi?ng ?i

Có nhi?u gi?ng ?i khác nhau: ?i trâu, ?i Bo, ?i xá l? có qu? to nh?ng kém th?m ng?t; ?i m?, ?i g?ng, ?i ?ào, ?i ngh? tuy qu? nh? nh?ng ng?t và r?t th?m

Thành ph?n dinh d??ng và hoá h?c

Qu? và lá ?i ??u ch?a beta-sitosterol, quereetin, guaijaverin, leucocyanidin và avicularin; lá còn có tinh d?u d? bay h?i, eugenol; qu? chín ch?a nhi?u vitamin C và các polysaccarit nh? fructoza, xyloza, glucoza, rhamnoza, galactoza…; r? có ch?a axit arjunolic; v? r? ch?a tanin và các axit h?u c?[3].
Hàm l??ng dinh d??ng trung bình trong 100 gam qu? ?i: 1 gam protein, 15 mg canxi, 1 mg s?t, 0,06 mg retinol (vitamin A), 0,05 mg thiamin (vitamin B1) và 200 mg axit ascorbic (vitamin C). Hàm l??ng vitamin C cao trong qu? ?i h?n ?áng k? so v?i trong cam[4]. Qu? ?i c?ng giàu pectin[5].
Theo m?t tài li?u khác, qu? ?i ch?a 77,9% n??c, 0,9% protein, 0,3% lipit, 15 %cacbohydrat, 0,3% axit h?u c?, 0,5 % tro, 0,03 mg% vitamin B1, 0,03 mg% vitamin B2, 0,2 mg% vitamin PP, 50 -60 mg% vitamin C[2]. Các lo?i ???ng trong qu? ?i g?m 58,9 % fructoza, 35,7 % glucoza, 5,3 % saccaroza. Các axit h?u c? chính là axit citric và axit malic[2].
Theo B? Nông nghi?p Hoa K? (healthaliciousness.com )

Qu? ?i, gi?ng Apple Guava, tính theo 100 g ph?n ?n ???c
N?ng l??ng36-50 cal
Hàm l??ng n??c77-86 g
X? tiêu hóa2,8-5,5 g
Protein0,9-1,0 g
Ch?t béo0,1-0,5 g
Tro0,43-0,7 g
Carbohydrat9,5-10 g
Calcium9,1–17 mg
Phospho17,8–30 mg
S?t0,30-0,70 mg
Carotene (Vitamin A)200-400 I.U
Axit ascorbic (Vitamin C)200–400 mg
Thiamin (Vitamin B1)0,046 mg
Riboflavin (Vitamin B2)0,03-0.04 mg
Niacin (Vitamin B3)0,6-1,068 mg
Trong lá ?i có ch?a 10 ph?n tr?m tanin cùng các thành ph?n t??ng t? và 0,3 % tinh d?u (ch? y?u là caryophyllene, ?-bisabolene, ngoài ra có aromadendrene, ?-selinene, nerolidiol, oxit caryophyllene và Sel-11-en-4a-ol và eugenol), và c?ng có th? có tecpen (axit oleanolic, axit ursolic)[7]. V? cây ch?a 25-30% tanin

?i?u ki?n sinh thái

Cây ?i lá xanh quanh n?m, không ch?u ???c rét, ?? nhi?t -2 °C c? cây l?n c?ng ch?t. Ng??c l?i ?i ch?u ??ng d? dàng nh?ng ?? nhi?t cao ? các sa m?c n?u ?? n??c. ?? nhi?t th?p ví d? d??i 18 – 20 °C thì qu? bé, phát tri?n ch?m ch?t l??ng kém[1].
?i thích khí h?u ?m, n?u l??ng m?a hàng n?m 1.500 – 4.000 mm phân b? t??ng ??i ??u thì không ph?i t??i. B? r? c?a ?i thích nghi t?t v?i s? thay ??i ??t ng?t ?? ?m trong ??t. N?u tr?i h?n, m?c n??c ng?m th?p, ?i có kh? n?ng phát tri?n nhanh m?t s? r? th?ng ??ng ?n sâu xu?ng ??t t?n 3 – 4 m và h?n. N?u m?a nhi?u, m?c n??c dâng cao ?i ?âm nhi?u r? ?n tr? l?i m?t ??t do ?ó không b? ng?t.. Th?m chí b? ng?p h?n vài ngày ?i c?ng không ch?t.
?i tr?ng ???c ? nhi?u lo?i ??t, pH thích h?p t? 4,5 ??n 8,2. ?i không s? gió nh?ng gi?ng qu? to lá to khi b? bão b? rách lá, r?ng qu?

Công d?ng

[s?a]Làm th?c ph?m
Qu? ?i có th? ???c ?n t??i ho?c ch? bi?n thành m?t ?ông hay ?? h?p n??c ?i. Tu? theo t?ng gi?ng ?i mà qu? ?i chín có th? có v? ng?t hay chua.
[s?a]Làm thu?c
Các b? ph?n c?a cây ?i nh? búp non, lá non, qu?, v? r? và v? thân ??u ???c dùng ?? làm thu?c. Nghiên c?u d??c lý cho th?y d?ch chi?t các b? ph?n c?a cây ?i ??u có kh? n?ng kháng khu?n, làm s?n se niêm m?c và c?m ?i l?ng[3].
Theo d??c h?c c? truy?n, lá ?i v? ??ng sáp, tính ?m, có công d?ng tiêu th?ng gi?i ??c, thu sáp ch? huy?t; qu? ?i v? ng?t h?i chua sáp, tính ?m, có công d?ng thu li?m, ki?n v? c? tràng; các b? ph?n c?a cây ?i th??ng ???c dùng ?? ch?a các ch?ng b?nh nh? ti?t t? (?i l?ng), c?u l? (l? m?n tính), viêm d? dày ru?t c?p tính và m?n tính, th?p ??c, th?p ch?n, sang th??ng xu?t huy?t, tiêu khát (ti?u ???ng), b?ng huy?t…[3]
Các bài thu?c dân gian t? cây ?i ???c s? d?ng ? Vi?t Nam, Trung Qu?c, Hawaii, Trung M?, Nam M?, Caribe, Tây Phi…
[s?a]Công d?ng khác
V? cây ???c s? d?ng trong quá trình thu?c da nh? có hàm l??ng tannin cao

**** THU?C ?ÔNG D??C
thuocdongduoc.vn/index.php?option=com_content&view=ar…

**** VIETROSELLE : CÁCH CH?M SÓC VÀ TR?NG CÂY ?I .
www.vietroselle.com/content/sp/caythuoc_details_view=27.php

**** TRUNG TÂM D? LI?U TH?C V?T VIETNAM : ?I VÀ K? THU?T TR?NG ?I
www.botanyvn.com/cnt.asp?param=news&newsid=377

__________________________________________________

**** RAINTREE
www.rain-tree.com/guava.htm

Called guayaba in Spanish-speaking countries and goiaba in Brazil, guava is a common shade tree or shrub in door-yard gardens in the tropics. It provides shade while the guava fruits are eaten fresh and made into drinks, ice cream, and preserves. In the richness of the Amazon, guava fruits often grow well beyond the size of tennis balls on well-branched trees or shrubs reaching up to 20 m high. Cultivated varieties average about 10 meters in height and produce lemon-sized fruits. The tree is easily identified by its distinctive thin, smooth, copper-colored bark that flakes off, showing a greenish layer beneath.

Guava fruit today is considered minor in terms of commercial world trade but is widely grown in the tropics, enriching the diet of hundreds of millions of people in the tropics of the world. Guava has spread widely throughout the tropics because it thrives in a variety of soils, propagates easily, and bears fruit relatively quickly. The fruits contain numerous seeds that can produce a mature fruit-bearing plant within four years. In the Amazon rainforest guava fruits are much enjoyed by birds and monkeys, which disperse guava seeds in their droppings and cause spontaneous clumps of guava trees to grow throughout the rainforest.

TRIBAL AND HERBAL MEDICINE USES

Guava may have been domesticated in Peru several thousand years ago; Peruvian archaeological sites have revealed guava seeds found stored with beans, corn, squash, and other cultivated plants. Guava fruit is still enjoyed as a sweet treat by indigenous peoples throughout the rainforest, and the leaves and bark of the guava tree have a long history of medicinal uses that are still employed today.

The Tikuna Indians decoct the leaves or bark of guava as a cure for diarrhea. In fact, an infusion or decoction made from the leaves and/or bark has been used by many tribes for diarrhea and dysentery throughout the Amazon, and Indians also employ it for sore throats, vomiting, stomach upsets, for vertigo, and to regulate menstrual periods. Tender leaves are chewed for bleeding gums and bad breath, and it is said to prevent hangovers (if chewed before drinking). Indians throughout the Amazon gargle a leaf decoction for mouth sores, bleeding gums, or use it as a douche for vaginal discharge and to tighten and tone vaginal walls after childbirth. A decoction of the bark and/or leaves or a flower infusion is used topically for wounds, ulcers and skin sores. Flowers are also mashed and applied to painful eye conditions such as sun strain, conjunctivitis or eye injuries.

Centuries ago, European adventurers, traders, and missionaries in the Amazon Basin took the much enjoyed and tasty fruits to Africa, Asia, India, and the Pacific tropical regions, so that it is now cultivated throughout the tropical regions of the world. Commercially the fruit is consumed fresh or used in the making of jams, jellies, paste or hardened jam, and juice. Guava leaves are in the Dutch Pharmacopoeia for the treatment of diarrhea, and the leaves are still used for diarrhea in Latin America, Central and West Africa, and Southeast Asia. In Peruvian herbal medicine systems today the plant is employed for diarrhea, gastroenteritis, intestinal worms, gastric disorders, vomiting, coughs, vaginal discharges, menstrual pain and hemorrhages, and edema. In Brazil guava is considered an astringent drying agent and diuretic and is used for the same conditions as in Peru. A decoction is also recommended as a gargle for sore throats, laryngitis and swelling of the mouth, and used externally for skin ulcers, and vaginal irritation and discharges.

PLANT CHEMICALS

Guava is rich in tannins, phenols, triterpenes, flavonoids, essential oils, saponins, carotenoids, lectins, vitamins, fiber and fatty acids. Guava fruit is higher in vitamin C than citrus (80 mg of vitamin C in 100 g of fruit) and contains appreciable amounts of vitamin A as well. Guava fruits are also a good source of pectin – a dietary fiber. The leaves of guava are rich in flavonoids, in particular, quercetin. Much of guava’s therapeutic activity is attributed to these flavonoids. The flavonoids have demonstrated antibacterial activity. Quercetin is thought to contribute to the anti-diarrhea effect of guava; it is able to relax intestinal smooth muscle and inhibit bowel contractions. In addition, other flavonoids and triterpenes in guava leaves show antispasmodic activity. Guava also has antioxidant properties which is attributed to the polyphenols found in the leaves.

Guava’s main plant chemicals include: alanine, alpha-humulene, alpha-hydroxyursolic acid, alpha-linolenic acid, alpha-selinene, amritoside, araban, arabinose, arabopyranosides, arjunolic acid, aromadendrene, ascorbic acid, ascorbigen, asiatic acid, aspartic acid, avicularin, benzaldehyde, butanal, carotenoids, caryophyllene, catechol-tannins, crataegolic acid, D-galactose, D-galacturonic acid, ellagic acid, ethyl octanoate, essential oils, flavonoids, gallic acid, glutamic acid, goreishic acid, guafine, guavacoumaric acid, guaijavarin, guajiverine, guajivolic acid, guajavolide, guavenoic acid, guajavanoic acid, histidine, hyperin, ilelatifol D, isoneriucoumaric acid, isoquercetin, jacoumaric acid, lectins, leucocyanidins, limonene, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, lysine, mecocyanin, myricetin, myristic acid, nerolidiol, obtusinin, octanol, oleanolic acid, oleic acid, oxalic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, pectin, polyphenols, psidiolic acid, quercetin, quercitrin, serine, sesquiguavene, tannins, terpenes, and ursolic acid.

BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES AND CLINICAL RESEARCH

The long history of guava’s use has led modern-day researchers to study guava extracts. Its traditional use for diarrhea, gastroenteritis and other digestive complaints has been validated in numerous clinical studies. A plant drug has even been developed from guava leaves (standardized to its quercetin content) for the treatment of acute diarrhea. Human clinical trials with the drug indicate its effectiveness in treating diarrhea in adults. Guava leaf extracts and fruit juice has also been clinically studied for infantile diarrhea. In a clinical study with 62 infants with infantile rotaviral enteritis, the recovery rate was 3 days (87.1%) in those treated with guava, and diarrhea ceased in a shorter time period than controls. It was concluded in the study that guava has "good curative effect on infantile rotaviral enteritis."

Guava has many different properties that contribute to its antidiarrheal effect: it has been documented with pronounced antibacterial, antiamebic and antispasmodic activity. It has also shown to have a tranquilizing effect on intestinal smooth muscle, inhibit chemical processes found in diarrhea and aid in the re-absorption of water in the intestines. In other research, an alcoholic leaf extract was reported to have a morphine-like effect, by inhibiting the gastrointestinal release of chemicals in acute diarrheal disease. This morphine-like effect was thought to be related to the chemical quercetin. In addition, lectin chemicals in guava were shown to bind to E-coli (a common diarrhea-causing organism), preventing its adhesion to the intestinal wall and thus preventing infection (and resulting diarrhea).

The effective use of guava in diarrhea, dysentery and gastroenteritis can also be related to guava’s documented antibacterial properties. Bark and leaf extracts have shown to have in vitro toxic action against numerous bacteria. In several studies guava showed significant antibacterial activity against such common diarrhea-causing bacteria as Staphylococcus, Shigella, Salmonella, Bacillus, E. coli, Clostridium, and Pseudomonas. It has also demonstrated antifungal, anti-yeast (candida), anti-amebic, and antimalarial actions.

In a recent study with guinea pigs (in 2003) Brazilian researchers reported that guava leaf extracts have numerous effects on the cardiovascular system which might be beneficial in treating irregular heat beat (arrhythmia). Previous research indicated guava leaf provided antioxidant effects beneficial to the heart, heart protective properties, and improved myocardial function. In two randomized human studies, the consumption of guava fruit for 12 weeks was shown to reduce blood pressure by an average 8 points, decrease total cholesterol levels by 9%, decrease triglycerides by almost 8%, and increase "good" HDL cholesterol by 8%. The effects were attributed to the high potassium and soluble fiber content of the fruit (however 1-2 pounds of fruit was consumed daily by the study subjects to obtain these results!). In other animal studies guava leaf extracts have evidenced analgesic, sedative, and central nervous system (CNS) depressant activity, as well as a cough suppressant actions. The fruit or fruit juice has been documented to lower blood sugar levels in normal and diabetic animals and humans. Most of these studies confirm the plant’s many uses in tropical herbal medicine systems.

CURRENT PRACTICAL USES

Guava, known as the poor man’s apple of the tropics, has a long history of traditional use, much of which is being validated by scientific research. It is a wonderful natural remedy for diarrhea – safe enough even for young children. For infants and children under the age of 2, just a cup daily of guava fruit juice is helpful for diarrhea. For older children and adults, a cup once or twice daily of a leaf decoction is the tropical herbal medicine standard. Though not widely available in the U.S. market, tea-cut and powdered leaves can be obtained from larger health food stores or suppliers of bulk botanicals. Newer in the market are guava leaf extracts that are used in various herbal formulas for a myriad of purposes; from herbal antibiotic and diarrhea formulas to bowel health and weight loss formulas. Toxicity studies with rats and mice, as well as controlled human studies show both the leaf and fruit to be safe and without side effects.

Traditional Preparation: The fruit and juice is freely consumed for its great taste, nutritional benefit and nutrient content, as well as an effective children’s diarrhea remedy. The leaves are prepared in a standard decoction and dosages are generally 1 cup 1-3 times daily.

Contraindications:

Guava has recently demonstrated cardiac depressant activity and should be used with caution by those on heart medications.
Guava fruit has shown to lower blood sugar levels and it should be avoided by people with hypoglycemia.
Drug Interactions: None reported, however excessive or chronic consumption of guava may potentiate some heart medications.

**** WIKI
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guava

**** TROPILAB.COM
www.tropilab.com/guava.html

**** PHILIPPINE MEDICINAL PLANTS
www.stuartxchange.org/Bayabas.html

Close up of flower of Psidium guava, Guava …Ch?p g?n hoa ?i ….


Image by Vietnam Plants & The USA. plants
Nh?ng t?m hình này ?ã up load trong account c? c?a tôi là " jesuismal ", nay ?ã delete.
These photos in this set were up loaded in my old account "jesuismal" which I deleted.

Vietnamese named : ?i
English names : Guava
Scientist name : Psidium guava Linn.
Synonyms : Calyptropsidium O.Berg
Corynemyrtus (Kiaersk.) Mattos
Guajava Mill.
Mitropsidium Burret
Family : Myrtaceae. H? Sim ( ?ào Kim N??ng )

Searched from :

**** WIKI
vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%BB%94i

?i ta (danh pháp khoa h?c: Psidium guajava) là loài cây ?n qu? th??ng xanh lâu n?m, thu?c h? ?ào kim n??ng, có ngu?n g?c t? Brasil.

??c ?i?m

Cây ?i nh? h?n cây v?i, nhãn, cao nhi?u nh?t 10m, ???ng kính thân t?i ?a 30cm. Nh?ng gi?ng m?i còn nh? và lùn h?n n?a[1].
Thân cây ch?c, kh?e, ng?n vì phân cành s?m. Thân nh?n nh?i r?t ít b? sâu ??c, v? già có th? tróc ra t?ng m?ng phía d??i l?i có m?t l??t v? m?i c?ng nh?n, màu xám, h?i xanh. Cành non 4 c?nh, khi già m?i tròn d?n, lá ??i x?ng[1].
Hoa l??ng tính, b?u h?, m?c t?ng chùm 2, 3 chi?c, ít khi ? ??u cành mà th??ng ? nách lá, cánh 5, màu tr?ng, nhi?u nh? vàng, h?t ph?n nh? r?t nhi?u, phôi c?ng nhi?u. Ngo?i hoa th? ph?n d? dàng nh?ng c?ng có th? t? th? ph?n[1].
Qu? to t? 4 – 5g ??n 500 – 700 g g?n tròn, dài thuôn ho?c hình ch? lê. H?t nhi?u, tr?n gi?a m?t kh?i th?t qu? màu tr?ng, h?ng, ?? vàng. T? khi th? ph?n ??n khi qu? chín kho?ng 100 ngày

Các gi?ng ?i

Có nhi?u gi?ng ?i khác nhau: ?i trâu, ?i Bo, ?i xá l? có qu? to nh?ng kém th?m ng?t; ?i m?, ?i g?ng, ?i ?ào, ?i ngh? tuy qu? nh? nh?ng ng?t và r?t th?m

Thành ph?n dinh d??ng và hoá h?c

Qu? và lá ?i ??u ch?a beta-sitosterol, quereetin, guaijaverin, leucocyanidin và avicularin; lá còn có tinh d?u d? bay h?i, eugenol; qu? chín ch?a nhi?u vitamin C và các polysaccarit nh? fructoza, xyloza, glucoza, rhamnoza, galactoza…; r? có ch?a axit arjunolic; v? r? ch?a tanin và các axit h?u c?[3].
Hàm l??ng dinh d??ng trung bình trong 100 gam qu? ?i: 1 gam protein, 15 mg canxi, 1 mg s?t, 0,06 mg retinol (vitamin A), 0,05 mg thiamin (vitamin B1) và 200 mg axit ascorbic (vitamin C). Hàm l??ng vitamin C cao trong qu? ?i h?n ?áng k? so v?i trong cam[4]. Qu? ?i c?ng giàu pectin[5].
Theo m?t tài li?u khác, qu? ?i ch?a 77,9% n??c, 0,9% protein, 0,3% lipit, 15 %cacbohydrat, 0,3% axit h?u c?, 0,5 % tro, 0,03 mg% vitamin B1, 0,03 mg% vitamin B2, 0,2 mg% vitamin PP, 50 -60 mg% vitamin C[2]. Các lo?i ???ng trong qu? ?i g?m 58,9 % fructoza, 35,7 % glucoza, 5,3 % saccaroza. Các axit h?u c? chính là axit citric và axit malic[2].
Theo B? Nông nghi?p Hoa K? (healthaliciousness.com )

Qu? ?i, gi?ng Apple Guava, tính theo 100 g ph?n ?n ???c
N?ng l??ng36-50 cal
Hàm l??ng n??c77-86 g
X? tiêu hóa2,8-5,5 g
Protein0,9-1,0 g
Ch?t béo0,1-0,5 g
Tro0,43-0,7 g
Carbohydrat9,5-10 g
Calcium9,1–17 mg
Phospho17,8–30 mg
S?t0,30-0,70 mg
Carotene (Vitamin A)200-400 I.U
Axit ascorbic (Vitamin C)200–400 mg
Thiamin (Vitamin B1)0,046 mg
Riboflavin (Vitamin B2)0,03-0.04 mg
Niacin (Vitamin B3)0,6-1,068 mg
Trong lá ?i có ch?a 10 ph?n tr?m tanin cùng các thành ph?n t??ng t? và 0,3 % tinh d?u (ch? y?u là caryophyllene, ?-bisabolene, ngoài ra có aromadendrene, ?-selinene, nerolidiol, oxit caryophyllene và Sel-11-en-4a-ol và eugenol), và c?ng có th? có tecpen (axit oleanolic, axit ursolic)[7]. V? cây ch?a 25-30% tanin

?i?u ki?n sinh thái

Cây ?i lá xanh quanh n?m, không ch?u ???c rét, ?? nhi?t -2 °C c? cây l?n c?ng ch?t. Ng??c l?i ?i ch?u ??ng d? dàng nh?ng ?? nhi?t cao ? các sa m?c n?u ?? n??c. ?? nhi?t th?p ví d? d??i 18 – 20 °C thì qu? bé, phát tri?n ch?m ch?t l??ng kém[1].
?i thích khí h?u ?m, n?u l??ng m?a hàng n?m 1.500 – 4.000 mm phân b? t??ng ??i ??u thì không ph?i t??i. B? r? c?a ?i thích nghi t?t v?i s? thay ??i ??t ng?t ?? ?m trong ??t. N?u tr?i h?n, m?c n??c ng?m th?p, ?i có kh? n?ng phát tri?n nhanh m?t s? r? th?ng ??ng ?n sâu xu?ng ??t t?n 3 – 4 m và h?n. N?u m?a nhi?u, m?c n??c dâng cao ?i ?âm nhi?u r? ?n tr? l?i m?t ??t do ?ó không b? ng?t.. Th?m chí b? ng?p h?n vài ngày ?i c?ng không ch?t.
?i tr?ng ???c ? nhi?u lo?i ??t, pH thích h?p t? 4,5 ??n 8,2. ?i không s? gió nh?ng gi?ng qu? to lá to khi b? bão b? rách lá, r?ng qu?

Công d?ng

[s?a]Làm th?c ph?m
Qu? ?i có th? ???c ?n t??i ho?c ch? bi?n thành m?t ?ông hay ?? h?p n??c ?i. Tu? theo t?ng gi?ng ?i mà qu? ?i chín có th? có v? ng?t hay chua.
[s?a]Làm thu?c
Các b? ph?n c?a cây ?i nh? búp non, lá non, qu?, v? r? và v? thân ??u ???c dùng ?? làm thu?c. Nghiên c?u d??c lý cho th?y d?ch chi?t các b? ph?n c?a cây ?i ??u có kh? n?ng kháng khu?n, làm s?n se niêm m?c và c?m ?i l?ng[3].
Theo d??c h?c c? truy?n, lá ?i v? ??ng sáp, tính ?m, có công d?ng tiêu th?ng gi?i ??c, thu sáp ch? huy?t; qu? ?i v? ng?t h?i chua sáp, tính ?m, có công d?ng thu li?m, ki?n v? c? tràng; các b? ph?n c?a cây ?i th??ng ???c dùng ?? ch?a các ch?ng b?nh nh? ti?t t? (?i l?ng), c?u l? (l? m?n tính), viêm d? dày ru?t c?p tính và m?n tính, th?p ??c, th?p ch?n, sang th??ng xu?t huy?t, tiêu khát (ti?u ???ng), b?ng huy?t…[3]
Các bài thu?c dân gian t? cây ?i ???c s? d?ng ? Vi?t Nam, Trung Qu?c, Hawaii, Trung M?, Nam M?, Caribe, Tây Phi…
[s?a]Công d?ng khác
V? cây ???c s? d?ng trong quá trình thu?c da nh? có hàm l??ng tannin cao

**** THU?C ?ÔNG D??C
thuocdongduoc.vn/index.php?option=com_content&view=ar…

**** VIETROSELLE : CÁCH CH?M SÓC VÀ TR?NG CÂY ?I .
www.vietroselle.com/content/sp/caythuoc_details_view=27.php

**** TRUNG TÂM D? LI?U TH?C V?T VIETNAM : ?I VÀ K? THU?T TR?NG ?I
www.botanyvn.com/cnt.asp?param=news&newsid=377

__________________________________________________

**** RAINTREE
www.rain-tree.com/guava.htm

Called guayaba in Spanish-speaking countries and goiaba in Brazil, guava is a common shade tree or shrub in door-yard gardens in the tropics. It provides shade while the guava fruits are eaten fresh and made into drinks, ice cream, and preserves. In the richness of the Amazon, guava fruits often grow well beyond the size of tennis balls on well-branched trees or shrubs reaching up to 20 m high. Cultivated varieties average about 10 meters in height and produce lemon-sized fruits. The tree is easily identified by its distinctive thin, smooth, copper-colored bark that flakes off, showing a greenish layer beneath.

Guava fruit today is considered minor in terms of commercial world trade but is widely grown in the tropics, enriching the diet of hundreds of millions of people in the tropics of the world. Guava has spread widely throughout the tropics because it thrives in a variety of soils, propagates easily, and bears fruit relatively quickly. The fruits contain numerous seeds that can produce a mature fruit-bearing plant within four years. In the Amazon rainforest guava fruits are much enjoyed by birds and monkeys, which disperse guava seeds in their droppings and cause spontaneous clumps of guava trees to grow throughout the rainforest.

TRIBAL AND HERBAL MEDICINE USES

Guava may have been domesticated in Peru several thousand years ago; Peruvian archaeological sites have revealed guava seeds found stored with beans, corn, squash, and other cultivated plants. Guava fruit is still enjoyed as a sweet treat by indigenous peoples throughout the rainforest, and the leaves and bark of the guava tree have a long history of medicinal uses that are still employed today.

The Tikuna Indians decoct the leaves or bark of guava as a cure for diarrhea. In fact, an infusion or decoction made from the leaves and/or bark has been used by many tribes for diarrhea and dysentery throughout the Amazon, and Indians also employ it for sore throats, vomiting, stomach upsets, for vertigo, and to regulate menstrual periods. Tender leaves are chewed for bleeding gums and bad breath, and it is said to prevent hangovers (if chewed before drinking). Indians throughout the Amazon gargle a leaf decoction for mouth sores, bleeding gums, or use it as a douche for vaginal discharge and to tighten and tone vaginal walls after childbirth. A decoction of the bark and/or leaves or a flower infusion is used topically for wounds, ulcers and skin sores. Flowers are also mashed and applied to painful eye conditions such as sun strain, conjunctivitis or eye injuries.

Centuries ago, European adventurers, traders, and missionaries in the Amazon Basin took the much enjoyed and tasty fruits to Africa, Asia, India, and the Pacific tropical regions, so that it is now cultivated throughout the tropical regions of the world. Commercially the fruit is consumed fresh or used in the making of jams, jellies, paste or hardened jam, and juice. Guava leaves are in the Dutch Pharmacopoeia for the treatment of diarrhea, and the leaves are still used for diarrhea in Latin America, Central and West Africa, and Southeast Asia. In Peruvian herbal medicine systems today the plant is employed for diarrhea, gastroenteritis, intestinal worms, gastric disorders, vomiting, coughs, vaginal discharges, menstrual pain and hemorrhages, and edema. In Brazil guava is considered an astringent drying agent and diuretic and is used for the same conditions as in Peru. A decoction is also recommended as a gargle for sore throats, laryngitis and swelling of the mouth, and used externally for skin ulcers, and vaginal irritation and discharges.

PLANT CHEMICALS

Guava is rich in tannins, phenols, triterpenes, flavonoids, essential oils, saponins, carotenoids, lectins, vitamins, fiber and fatty acids. Guava fruit is higher in vitamin C than citrus (80 mg of vitamin C in 100 g of fruit) and contains appreciable amounts of vitamin A as well. Guava fruits are also a good source of pectin – a dietary fiber. The leaves of guava are rich in flavonoids, in particular, quercetin. Much of guava’s therapeutic activity is attributed to these flavonoids. The flavonoids have demonstrated antibacterial activity. Quercetin is thought to contribute to the anti-diarrhea effect of guava; it is able to relax intestinal smooth muscle and inhibit bowel contractions. In addition, other flavonoids and triterpenes in guava leaves show antispasmodic activity. Guava also has antioxidant properties which is attributed to the polyphenols found in the leaves.

Guava’s main plant chemicals include: alanine, alpha-humulene, alpha-hydroxyursolic acid, alpha-linolenic acid, alpha-selinene, amritoside, araban, arabinose, arabopyranosides, arjunolic acid, aromadendrene, ascorbic acid, ascorbigen, asiatic acid, aspartic acid, avicularin, benzaldehyde, butanal, carotenoids, caryophyllene, catechol-tannins, crataegolic acid, D-galactose, D-galacturonic acid, ellagic acid, ethyl octanoate, essential oils, flavonoids, gallic acid, glutamic acid, goreishic acid, guafine, guavacoumaric acid, guaijavarin, guajiverine, guajivolic acid, guajavolide, guavenoic acid, guajavanoic acid, histidine, hyperin, ilelatifol D, isoneriucoumaric acid, isoquercetin, jacoumaric acid, lectins, leucocyanidins, limonene, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, lysine, mecocyanin, myricetin, myristic acid, nerolidiol, obtusinin, octanol, oleanolic acid, oleic acid, oxalic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, pectin, polyphenols, psidiolic acid, quercetin, quercitrin, serine, sesquiguavene, tannins, terpenes, and ursolic acid.

BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES AND CLINICAL RESEARCH

The long history of guava’s use has led modern-day researchers to study guava extracts. Its traditional use for diarrhea, gastroenteritis and other digestive complaints has been validated in numerous clinical studies. A plant drug has even been developed from guava leaves (standardized to its quercetin content) for the treatment of acute diarrhea. Human clinical trials with the drug indicate its effectiveness in treating diarrhea in adults. Guava leaf extracts and fruit juice has also been clinically studied for infantile diarrhea. In a clinical study with 62 infants with infantile rotaviral enteritis, the recovery rate was 3 days (87.1%) in those treated with guava, and diarrhea ceased in a shorter time period than controls. It was concluded in the study that guava has "good curative effect on infantile rotaviral enteritis."

Guava has many different properties that contribute to its antidiarrheal effect: it has been documented with pronounced antibacterial, antiamebic and antispasmodic activity. It has also shown to have a tranquilizing effect on intestinal smooth muscle, inhibit chemical processes found in diarrhea and aid in the re-absorption of water in the intestines. In other research, an alcoholic leaf extract was reported to have a morphine-like effect, by inhibiting the gastrointestinal release of chemicals in acute diarrheal disease. This morphine-like effect was thought to be related to the chemical quercetin. In addition, lectin chemicals in guava were shown to bind to E-coli (a common diarrhea-causing organism), preventing its adhesion to the intestinal wall and thus preventing infection (and resulting diarrhea).

The effective use of guava in diarrhea, dysentery and gastroenteritis can also be related to guava’s documented antibacterial properties. Bark and leaf extracts have shown to have in vitro toxic action against numerous bacteria. In several studies guava showed significant antibacterial activity against such common diarrhea-causing bacteria as Staphylococcus, Shigella, Salmonella, Bacillus, E. coli, Clostridium, and Pseudomonas. It has also demonstrated antifungal, anti-yeast (candida), anti-amebic, and antimalarial actions.

In a recent study with guinea pigs (in 2003) Brazilian researchers reported that guava leaf extracts have numerous effects on the cardiovascular system which might be beneficial in treating irregular heat beat (arrhythmia). Previous research indicated guava leaf provided antioxidant effects beneficial to the heart, heart protective properties, and improved myocardial function. In two randomized human studies, the consumption of guava fruit for 12 weeks was shown to reduce blood pressure by an average 8 points, decrease total cholesterol levels by 9%, decrease triglycerides by almost 8%, and increase "good" HDL cholesterol by 8%. The effects were attributed to the high potassium and soluble fiber content of the fruit (however 1-2 pounds of fruit was consumed daily by the study subjects to obtain these results!). In other animal studies guava leaf extracts have evidenced analgesic, sedative, and central nervous system (CNS) depressant activity, as well as a cough suppressant actions. The fruit or fruit juice has been documented to lower blood sugar levels in normal and diabetic animals and humans. Most of these studies confirm the plant’s many uses in tropical herbal medicine systems.

CURRENT PRACTICAL USES

Guava, known as the poor man’s apple of the tropics, has a long history of traditional use, much of which is being validated by scientific research. It is a wonderful natural remedy for diarrhea – safe enough even for young children. For infants and children under the age of 2, just a cup daily of guava fruit juice is helpful for diarrhea. For older children and adults, a cup once or twice daily of a leaf decoction is the tropical herbal medicine standard. Though not widely available in the U.S. market, tea-cut and powdered leaves can be obtained from larger health food stores or suppliers of bulk botanicals. Newer in the market are guava leaf extracts that are used in various herbal formulas for a myriad of purposes; from herbal antibiotic and diarrhea formulas to bowel health and weight loss formulas. Toxicity studies with rats and mice, as well as controlled human studies show both the leaf and fruit to be safe and without side effects.

Traditional Preparation: The fruit and juice is freely consumed for its great taste, nutritional benefit and nutrient content, as well as an effective children’s diarrhea remedy. The leaves are prepared in a standard decoction and dosages are generally 1 cup 1-3 times daily.

Contraindications:

Guava has recently demonstrated cardiac depressant activity and should be used with caution by those on heart medications.
Guava fruit has shown to lower blood sugar levels and it should be avoided by people with hypoglycemia.
Drug Interactions: None reported, however excessive or chronic consumption of guava may potentiate some heart medications.

**** WIKI
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guava

**** TROPILAB.COM
www.tropilab.com/guava.html

**** PHILIPPINE MEDICINAL PLANTS
www.stuartxchange.org/Bayabas.html

How can I learn to be happier with chronic pain?

Question by Anonymous: How can I learn to be happier with chronic pain?
I am a college student that has been living with a condition that causes me to experience chronic pain for the past few years. How can I learn to be happier? I do not wish to be the negative person that being in pain has caused me to become.

Best answer:

Answer by HUSKY
smile : )

Add your own answer in the comments!

Nice Opioids For Chronic Pain photos

Some cool opioids for chronic pain images:

Puncturevine, Bullhead, Burra Gokharu, Tribulus terrestris ….Ch?p g?n hoa và lá c?a cây B?c T?t Lê, Qu? ki?n s?u nh?, Gai ch?ng ….#18


Image by Vietnam Plants & The USA. plants
Ch?p hình ngày 11 – 9 – 2012 t?i thành ph? Hewitt, ti?u bang Texas, thu?c mi?n Nam n??c M?
Cây ???c phát hi?n m?c hoang ? vùng ??t khô, ??t cát d?c ven bi?n các t?nh Qu?ng Bình, Qu?ng Tr?, Th?a Thiên Hu? và các t?nh mi?n Nam.

Taken on Sept 11, 2012 in Hewitt city, Texas state, Southern of America.

Vietnamese named : T?t Lê, B?ch T?t Lê, Gai ma v??ng, Gai ch?ng, Qu? Ki?n S?u nh?.
Common names : Bindii, Bullhead, Burra Gokharu, Caltrop, Cat’s head, Devil’s eyelashes, Devil’s thorn, Devil’s weed,Goathead, Puncturevine,Tackweed.
Scientist name : Tribulus terrestris L.
Synonyms :
Family : Zygophyllaceae – Creosote-bush family
Group : Dicot
Duration : Annual
Growth Habit : Forb/herb
Kingdom : Plantae – Plants
Subkingdom : Tracheobionta – Vascular plants
Superdivision : Spermatophyta – Seed plants
Division : Magnoliophyta – Flowering plants
Class : Magnoliopsida – Dicotyledons
Subclass : Rosidae
Order : Sapindales
Genus : Tribulus L. – puncturevine
Species : Tribulus terrestris L. – puncturevine

**** www.tvvn.org/forum/showwiki.php?title=Chapter:Gai_Ch%E1%B… : D??c s? Tr?n Vi?t H?ng
Viagra ???c xem là m?t viên thu?c ?ã ?em ??n m?t cu?c ‘cách m?ng’ trong v?n ?? sinh ho?t ‘tình d?c’. R?t nhi?u bài vi?t trên các t?p chí thông th??ng c?ng nh? t?p san chuyên môn ?ã ?? c?p ??n Viagra. Tuy nhiên hi?n v?n còn câu h?i ???c nhi?u ng??i ch? gi?i ?áp là ‘có d??c th?o nào thay th? ???c Viagra không?’. Trong t?p chí Natural Health s? tháng 9-10 n?m 1998, Rob Ivker D.O., khi tr? l?i b?n ??c trên m?c "Man to Man" có ?? c?p ??n 2 d??c th?o Yohimbine, và ‘Puncture Vine’ hay Tribulus terrestris. Yohimbine là cây thu?c quen thu?c v?i gi?i Y-d??c, nh?ng Tribulus terrestris m?i th?t s? là cây thu?c ?áng chú ý vì r?t d? tìm t?i Vi?t Nam và qu? th?t có tác d?ng không kém Viagra!

Tribulus terrestris, gia ?ình th?c v?t Zygophyllaceae ???c g?i t?i Vi?t Nam là cây Gai Ch?ng, cùng nh?ng tên khác nh? B?ch t?t lê, Gai ma v??ng,Thích t?t lê… Cây m?c r?t ph? bi?n t?i ?n ??, Trung Hoa, Vi?t Nam, vài vùng t?i Âu châu và Nam Phi n?i nh?ng vùng ??t hoang d?i. Tên g?i t?i ?n ?? là Gokhru ( ch? Ph?n = Gokshura). Tên Gokhru do ? hình d?ng c?a qu? gi?ng nh? móng bò.

T?i Hoa K?, cây ???c g?i d??i nhi?u tên nh? Puncture vine, Abrojos, Caltrop, Cat’s-Head, Common Dubblejie, Devil’s-Thorn, Goathead, Nature’s Viagra (!). Tên Puncture Vine là do ? h?t c?a cây nh?n ??n ?? có th? làm xì l?p xe ??p.
T?i Vi?t Nam, Gai ch?ng m?c hoang d?i ? nh?ng vùng ??t khô, ??t cát d?c vùng ven bi?n t? mi?n Trung (Qu?ng Bình) xu?ng mi?n Nam.
Cây thu?c lo?i thân th?o, m?c hàng n?m hay l??ng niên, bò sát m?t ??t, phân nhi?u nhánh, nhánh có th? dài 30-60 cm, trên thân có lông nhung ng?n. Lá kép , lông chim có 5-7 lá chét. Lá thuôn dài 5-10 mm, m?t d??i có phi?n ph? lông tr?ng. Hoa m?c ??n ??c, màu vàng nh?t, m?c riêng l? ? k? lá, cu?ng hoa ng?n có lông tr?ng. Qu? ?a d?ng, th??ng có hình 5 c?nh , m?i khoang ch?a nhi?u h?t. R? hình tr?, dài 10-15 cm, màu nâu nh?t, có mùi th?m nh?. Cây tr? hoa vào cu?i mùa xuân, ??u mùa h?.
Ph?n dùng làm d??c li?u là qu? và r?.

Thành ph?n hóa h?c:
- Phytosterols và Saponins:
Qu? ch?a Protodioscin, methylprotodioscin, terrestrosins A-E, desgalactotigonin, F-gitonin, desglucolanatigonin, gitonin và các glycosides lo?i furostanol cùng v?i Beta-sitosterol, spirosta-3,5-diene và stigmasterol. Hai saponins có ch?a nhóm sulfate m?i ???c cô l?p n?m 2002 là Prototribestrin và methylprototribestrin
Hoa c?ng ch?a các sapogenins lo?i sterod thu?c nhóm diosgenin, hecogenin và ruscogenin.
- Flavonoids: Trong Hoa có Kaempferol , Kaempferol-3-glucoside, Kaempferol-3-rutinoside và Quercetin.
- Lignans: nh? Tribulusamides A và B.
- Alkaloids: Harman và Harmine.
- Lá Tribulus ?ôi khi ???c ?n nh? rau ch?a 7.22 % protein, 1.55 % Cal cium ; 0.08 % Phosphorus ; 9.22 mg S?t/ 100 g lá và 41.5 mg Vit C.
- Qu? c?ng ch?a m?t s? ch?t béo (3.5-5%) nh? stearic, palmitic, myristic, arachidic, behinic acid.

??c tính D??c h?c:
?a s? các nghiên c?u v? d??c tính c?a Tribulus terrestris ???c th?c hi?n t?i ?n ??, Trung Hoa và Nh?t B?n.
1- Kh? n?ng ch?ng s?n th?n:
D?ch tri?t b?ng ethanol c?a qu? Tribulus cho th?y có tác d?ng b?o v? khá m?nh ch?ng l?i s? t?o s?n gây ra b?ng cách c?y h?t th?y tinh vào chu?t b?ch t?ng; tác d?ng này tu? vào li?u s? d?ng, và do ? ph?n ho?t ch?t tan trong methanol (Indian Journal of Experimental Biology S? 32/1994). Tác d?ng ly gi?i s?n (litholytic) c?ng ???c nghiên c?u n?i chu?t b? t?o ra tình tr?ng d? oxalat trong n??c ti?u (hyperoxalurea) b?ng hydroxy pyroline và sodium glycolate: khi cho chu?t u?ng d?ch trích b?ng n??c Tribulus, s? bài ti?t oxalate theo n??c ti?u tr? v? m?c bình th??ng sau 21 ngày và gi? nguyên ???c m?c ?? này trong 15 ngày sau khi ng?ng thu?c (Phytotherapy Research S? 7-1993). C? ch? ho?t ??ng c?a Tribulus terrestris ???c gi?i thích nh? sau: do tác d?ng ?c ch? men glycolic acid oxydase, (GAO) men này giúp chuy?n hoá glycolate thành glyoxylate. Ho?t ??ng c?a GAO ??a ??n k?t qu? là có ph?n ?ng oxy hóa glycolic acid thành glyoxylate (m?t ch?t bi?n d??ng ??c), và sau cùng thành oxalate.

2- Tác d?ng l?i ti?u:
D?ch trích b?ng n??c Terrestris ch?a l??ng Potassium khá cao, có th? t?o tác d?ng l?i ti?u. Nghiên c?u t?i khoa ni?u h?c, b?nh vi?n The Royal London & Homerton, London (Anh) cho th?y d?ch trích Terrestris tribulus b?ng n??c, ? li?u u?ng 5g/kg có tác d?ng l?i ti?u h?i m?nh h?n furosemide, n?ng ?? c?a các ions Na(+), K(+),Cl(-) trong n??c ti?u c?ng gia t?ng. Tác d?ng c?a Tribulus m?nh h?n là tác d?ng c?a râu b?p. Ngoài ra Tribulus còn t?o ra co bóp ru?t non n?i chu?t b? th? nghi?m (J Ethnopharmacology S? 85(Apr)-2003.

3- Tác d?ng b?o v? Th?n:
S? h? h?i n?i th?n gây ra b?i gentamycin ???c gi?m b?t khi cho dùng chung v?i Tribulus terrestris (Update Ayurveda 1994.

4- Ho?t tính kháng sinh:
D?ch trích t? Qu? và Lá Tribulus terrestris có ho?t tính kháng Escherichia và Staphyloccus aureus (J of Research in Indian Medicine S? 9-1974).

5- Tác d?ng kích thích tim:
Dung d?ch tinh khi?t hóa m?t ph?n c?a Tribulus có tác d?ng kích thích c? tim (cô l?p) r?t m?nh: có s? gia t?ng l?c co bóp cùng v?i tác d?ng chronotropic âm. Saponins ly trích t? Tribulus t?o ra s? gi?n n? ??ng m?ch vành, giúp c?i thi?n s? tu?n hoàn ??ng m?ch n?i nh?ng b?nh nhân b? b?nh tim/ ??ng m?ch: Th? nghi?m trên 406 b?nh nhân b? angina pectoris t?i B?nh vi?n Jilin (Trung Hoa) cho dùng saponins trích t? Tribulus ??a ??n k?t qu? thành công ??n 82.3 %: EEG ???c c?i thi?n n?i 52.7 % (Pub Med PMID:2364467).

6- Tác d?ng t?ng kh? n?ng sinh s?n:
Các biglycosides lo?i furostanol cô l?p t? d?ch chi?t b?ng alcohol có tác d?ng kích thích s? s?n xu?t tinh trùng và ho?t tính c?a t? bào Sertoli n?i chu?t.Terrestrioside-F làm t?ng libido và ?áp ?ng tình d?c n?i chu?t ??c ??ng th?i t?o ti?m n?ng r?ng tr?ng, gia t?ng kh? n?ng th? thai n?i chu?t cái ( J Science Research and Plant Medicine in India S? 1-1980).

7- Tác d?ng trên ch?ng r?i lo?n c??ng d??ng:
Protodioscin ???c cho là có tác d?ng c?i thi?n s? ham mu?n tình d?c, và gia t?ng ?? c??ng d??ng b?ng cách chuy?n bi?n protodioscin thành DHEA (dehydroepiandrosterone). Tuy nhiên, l??ng protodioscin trong cây r?t bi?n ??i, khó ??nh ???c hàm l??ng chính xác. (Journal of Andro logy (S? 23-2000).
M?t nghiên c?u v? tác d?ng c?a Tribulus terrestris trên các t? bào x?p (corpus cavernosum) ? c? quan sinh d?c ?ã cô l?p n?i th?, ??ng th?i xác ??nh c? ch? ho?t tính c?a cây ?ã ???c th?c hi?n t?i ??i h?c Y Khoa Singapore: Th? ???c cho u?ng m?i ngày m?t l?n d?ch trích t? Tribulus, liên t?c trong 8 tu?n, theo nh?ng li?u l??ng khác nhau. Th? sau ?ó b? gi?t và mô t? bào b? ph?n sinh d?c ???c cô l?p ?? l??ng ??nh s? ?áp ?ng v?i thu?c và v?i s? kích ?ng b?ng ?i?n tr??ng. Các ph?n ?ng th? giãn v?i acetylcholine, nitroglycerin và EFS ???c so sánh v?i các thông s? ki?m soát: S? m?t ho?t tính trên ?áp ?ng co rút v?i noradrenaline và histamine cho th?y prodioscin có tác d?ng th?t s? trên kh? n?ng c??ng d??ng do ? s? gia t?ng phóng thích nitric oxide t? t? bào endothelium và t? bào th?n kinh nitrergic.(Ann Acad Med Singapore S? 29 (Jan)-2000).
Nghiên c?u k? ti?p, c?ng t?i ?H Y Khoa Singapore (Life Science S? 71 tháng 8-2002) ?ã th? nghi?m Tribulus terrestris trên chu?t, chia thành 2 nhóm: nhóm bình th??ng và nhóm b? thi?n, cho dùng Tribulus, ??i ch?ng v?i Testosterone; các thông s? nghiên c?u d?a trên các ho?t ??ng tình d?c và áp l?c trên các t? bào x?p n?i b? ph?n sinh d?c nh? s? l??t mu?n giao c?u, mu?n nh?y ??c, th?i gian xu?t tinh … K?t qu? cho th?y nhóm dùng Tribulus có nh?ng gia t?ng ho?t ??ng tình d?c rõ r?t, riêng nhóm chu?t b? thi?n có s? gia t?ng tr?ng l??ng cúa tuy?n nhi?p h?, và áp l?c trên các t? bào x?p.
Nh?ng nghiên c?u khác t?i ?H Iowa State, th? nghi?m các s?n ph?m ph?i h?p Tribulus terrestris v?i Androstenediol, Saw palmetto, Indol-3-Carbinol, Chrysin.. bán trên th? tr??ng nh? DION, AND-HB.. cho th?y nh?ng k?t qu? nh? có s? gia t?ng n?ng ?? testosterone t? do n?i nhóm ng??i trên 50 tu?i, ??ng th?i androstenedione kèm theo trong các s?n ph?m không b? ng?n ng?a ?? chuy?n bi?n thành estradiol và dihydrotesto sterone (J. Am Coll Nutr. Tháng 10-2001).

8- Tác d?ng h? ???ng trong máu:
Th? nghi?m t?i ?H East China Normal University, Th??ng H?i dùng chu?t b? t?o b?nh ti?u ???ng b?ng alloxan, cho u?ng saponins trích t? Tribulus, so sánh v?i viên phenformin (??i ch?ng). K?t qu? ghi nh?n saponins trong Tribulus làm gi?m m?c glucose trong máu rõ r?t v?i nh?ng t? l? 26.25 % n?i chu?t bình th??ng và 40.67 % n?i chu?t b? ti?u ???ng. M?c triglycerides c?ng gi?m h? ???c 23.35 %. Ho?t tính c?a SOD c?ng gia t?ng (PubMed-PMID :12583337).

9- Ho?t tính trên t? bào ung th?:
Các saponins lo?i steroid c?a Tribulus ?ã ???c th? nghi?m v? kh? n?ng kháng sinh và gi?t t? bào ung th? (Pharmazie July 2002). Các saponins steroid nhóm spirostanol có tác ??ng r?t m?nh trên các n?m Candida albicans và Cryptococcus neoformans, và trên các t? b?o ung th? các lo?i melanoma SK-MEL, carcinoma mi?ng KB, carcinoma vú BT-549 và carcinoma bu?ng tr?ng SK-OV-3..

Tribulus terrestris trong D??c h?c dân gian:
Tribulus terrestris ???c s? d?ng t?i Vi?t Nam, ?n ??, Trung Hoa ?? tr? m?t s? b?nh trong d??c h?c dân gian:
- T?i ?n ??: Qu? ???c dùng trong nhi?u b?nh nh? giúp khai v?, ch?ng s?ng viêm, ?i?u kinh, ki?n v?, b?, l?i ti?u, sinh s?a, tráng d??ng, ngoài ra c?ng còn dùng trong các b?nh v? bàng quang giúp l?i ti?u, tr? s?n, s?ng gan phong th?p; tr? b?nh ngoài da nh? psoriasis, cùi và gh?.
- T?i Vi?t Nam: Tribulus hay Gai ch?ng ???c dùng tr? ?au ??u, ?? m?t, ch?y nhi?u n??c m?t, phong ng?a, kinh nguy?t không ??u, s?a không thông. Dùng qu? chín s?c u?ng ?? tr? ki?t l? ra máu.
- T?i Trung Hoa: Hoa dùng ?? tr? cùi, ??t lá tr? gh?; Qu? khô hay s?c ?? tr? ??y h?i, s?ng gan, ?au m?t, b?nh th?n. H?t có tính tr?y thai, tr? sán lãi, ho, xu?t huy?t.

Tribulus terrestris trong ?ông Y:
?ông Y c? truy?n s? d?ng Tribulus hay B?ch t?t lê (Bai-ji-li) t? lâu ??i Cây ?ã ???c ghi chép trong ‘Th?n nông B?n th?o’. D??c li?u là qu? thu hái khi chín vào mùa thu t?i các vùng H? Nam, H? B?c, S?n ?ông, An Huy.. (Nh?t d??c g?i là byakushitsuri, Korea là paekchillyo).
V? thu?c ???c xem là có v? cay, ??ng tính ?m; tác d?ng vào các kinh m?ch thu?c Can và Ph?.
B?ch t?t lê có nh?ng tác d?ng:
- Bình Can và ?n ??nh D??ng: giúp tr? nh?c ??u choáng váng, chóng m?t do ? D??ng Can ‘th?ng’: trong tr??ng h?p này ???c dùng chung v?i C?u ??ng (gou-teng=Uncariae) và Ng?u t?t (Niu-xi=Achyranthis Bidentatae).
- Phân tán Phong-Nhi?t và làm sáng m?t: giúp tr? m?t s?ng, ??, ch?y nhi?u n??c m?t. Dùng chung v?i Cúc hoa (ju-hua=Chrysanthemi Morifolii) và H?t mu?ng (Quy?t minh t?=jue ming zi).
- Giúp l?u chuy?n Khí t?i Can: tr? ?au và c?ng n?i s??n hay thi?u s?a do ? Can Khí b? t?c ngh?n. Dùng chung v?i Thanh bì (qing pi=Citri Reticulatae) và H??ng ph? (Cò cú=xiang fu).
- Tán Phong và tr? ng?a ngoài da. Dùng v?i V? ve s?u (Thuy?n xác= Chan-tui) và R? Phòng phong (Fang feng) ?? tr? ng?a.

Tài li?u s? d?ng:
•Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India (Government of India 1989)
•Chinese Herbal Medicine Materia Medica (Dan Bensky)
•Major Herbs of Ayurveda (E. Williamson)
•PubMed : www.ncbi.nlm.gov
•T? ?i?n Cây thu?c Vi?t Nam (Vò v?n Chi)
•Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database (Pharmacist’s Letter)
•Medicinal Plants of China ( J. Duke & E. Ayensu)

**** khoahoc.baodatviet.vn/Home/KHCN/Nghien-cuu-cay-bach-tat-l… : Nh?p vào link ?? ??c thêm , r?t c?m ?n.
Nghiên c?u cây b?ch t?t lê làm thu?c
C?p nh?t lúc :1:10 AM, 06/08/2012
Ch?n ???c gi?ng b?ch t?t lê có hàm l??ng tribulosin cao là k?t qu? c?a ?? tài nghiên c?u “?i?u tra, ch?n l?c gi?ng b?ch t?t lê (Tribullus terrestris) có hàm l??ng saponin steroid cao phân b? ? Vi?t Nam và nhân gi?ng ch?n l?c t? h?t”.

?? tài do Ths. Bùi ?ình Th?ch, Vi?n Sinh h?c nhi?t ??i TP. HCM th?c hi?n.

_______________________________________________________________________________

**** plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=TRTE
**** www.weeds.org.au/cgi-bin/weedident.cgi?tpl=plant.tpl&…
**** ayurvedicmedicinalplants.com/index.php?option=com_zoom&am…

**** www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17404054
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2007 Jan;1095:418-27.
The analgesic effect of Tribulus terrestris extract and comparison of gastric ulcerogenicity of the extract with indomethacine in animal experiments.
Heidari MR, Mehrabani M, Pardakhty A, Khazaeli P, Zahedi MJ, Yakhchali M, Vahedian M.
Source
Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman, P.O. Box 76175-493. Iran. heidarimr@yahoo.com
Abstract
Tribulus terrestris has been used in traditional medicine for relieving rheumatic pain and as an analgesic plant for a long time. In this investigation the analgesic effect of methanolic extract of this plant on male albino mice was evaluated by formalin and tail flick test. Extraction of the fruits of the plant was done by two different methods (suxheletion and percolation) with methanol 80%. The percolated extract was injected intraperitoneally in mice at 50, 100, 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg. The results showed that a dose of 100 mg/kg of percolated extract had the highest significant analgesic effect compared to the control group (P < 0.01) in formalin and tail flick test. There is no significant difference in the analgesic effect of suxheleted and percolated extract. The analgesic effect of the extract was lower than morphine, 2.5 mg/kg in both tests, and higher than ASA 300 mg/kg in chronic phase of pain in formalin test (P < 0.05). Pretreatment of animal with naloxone did not change the analgesia induced by the plant extract in both tests, therefore the involvement of opioid receptor in the analgesic effect of this plant was excluded. The results of ulcerogenic studies indicate that the gastric ulcerogenecity of plant extract is lower than the indomethacin in the rat’s stomach. It can therefore be concluded that T. terrestris extract has a suitable analgesic effect and further studies are required to produce a more effective product of this plant to substitute for conventional analgesic drugs.

**** en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tribulus_terrestris
Growth
It is a taprooted herbaceous perennial plant that grows as a summer annual in colder climates. The stems radiate from the crown to a diameter of about 10 cm to over 1 m, often branching. They are usually prostrate, forming flat patches, though they may grow more upwards in shade or among taller plants. The leaves are pinnately compound with leaflets less than 6 mm (a quarter-inch) long. The flowers are 4–10 mm wide, with five lemon-yellow petals. A week after each flower blooms, it is followed by a fruit that easily falls apart into four or five single-seeded nutlets. The nutlets or "seeds" are hard and bear two to three sharp spines, 10 mm long and 4–6 mm broad point-to-point. These nutlets strikingly resemble goats’ or bulls’ heads; the "horns" are sharp enough to puncture bicycle tires and to cause painful injury to bare feet.

Etymology
The Greek word, ???????? meaning ‘water-chestnut’,[8] translated into Latin as tribulos. The Latin name tribulus originally meant the caltrop (a spiky weapon), but in Classical times already the word meant this plant as well

Cultivation and uses
The plant is widely naturalised in the Americas and also in Australia south of its native range. In some states in the United States, it is considered a noxious weed and an invasive species.[1]
It has been reported that the seeds or nutlets have been used in homicidal weapons smeared with the juice of Acokanthera venenata in southern Africa.

Dietary supplement
Some body builders use T. terrestris as post cycle therapy or "PCT".[citation needed] After they have completed an anabolic-steroid cycle, they use it under the assumption that it will restore the body’s natural testosterone levels.
The extract is claimed to increase the body’s natural testosterone levels and thereby improve male sexual performance and help build muscle. Its purported muscle-building potential was popularized by American IFBB bodybuilding champion Jeffrey Petermann in the early 1970s. However, T. terrestris has consistently failed to increase testosterone levels in controlled studies.[10][11][12] It has also failed to demonstrate strength-enhancing properties[13] – a finding indicating that the anabolic steroid effects of Tribulus terrestris may be more myth than fact.
Some users report an upset stomach, which can usually be counteracted by taking it with food

Traditional medicine
In traditional Chinese medicine Tribulus terrestris is known under the name bai ji li (???). According to Bensky and Clavey, 2004 (Materia medica 3rd edition, pp. 975–976) Tribulus terrestris is ci ji li (???). "Confusion with Astragali complanati Semen (sha yuan zi) originally known as white ji li (??? bai ji li), led some writers to attribute tonifying properties to this herb…"
T. terrestris has long been a constituent in tonics in Indian Ayurveda practice, where it is known by its Sanskrit name, "gokshura/ sarrata"[14] It is also used in Unani, another medical system of India.

Research in animals

T. terrestris has been shown to enhance sexual behavior in an animal model.[15] It appears to do so by stimulating androgen receptors in the brain.T. terrestris is now being promoted as a booster for the purpose of increasing sex drive. Its use for this purpose originated from a Bulgarian study conducted in the 1970s, which found effects on free testosterone and luteinizing hormone in men belonging to infertile couples.[citation needed] A research review conducted in 2000 stated that the lack of data outside of this study prevents generalizing to healthy individuals [16]
Animal studies in rats, rabbits and primates have demonstrated that administration of Tribulus terrestris extract can produce statistically significant increases in levels of testosterone, dihydrotestosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone,[17] and produces effects suggestive of aphrodisiac activity.[15] On the other hand, one recent study found that T. terrestris caused no increase in testosterone or LH in young men,[18] and another found that a commercial supplement containing androstenedione and herbal extracts, including T. terrestris, was no more effective at raising testosterone levels than androstenedione alone.[19]
The active chemical in T. terrestris is likely to be protodioscin (PTN).[20] In a study with mice, T. terrestris was shown to enhance mounting activity and erection better than testosterone cypionate;[citation needed] however, testosterone cypionate is a synthetic ester of testosterone engineered for its longer activity, rather than an immediate effect. Testosterone cypionate has a half-life of 8 days and is administereed every 2–4 weeks in humans for testosterone replacement.[21] The proerectile aphrodisiac properties were concluded to likely be due to the release of nitric oxide from the nerve endings innervating the corpus cavernosum penis.[citation needed] Also, T. terrestris was shown to have strong inhibitory activity on COX-2.[22] /* Research in animals */ Tribulus terrestris is also a good osmotic diuretic in human and useful in AKD (Acute Kidney Diseases ) and CKD (Chronic Kidney Diseases).[23]–NeeleshAD (talk) 16:33, 24 August 2012 (UTC)

Eradication
Where this is a non-indigenous species, eradication methods are often sought after. There are both biological and herbicidal solutions to the problem, but neither of them provide a solution which is both quick and long-lasting, because T. terrestris seeds remain viable for up to 3–7 years on average.

Physical
In smaller areas, puncture vine is best controlled with manual removal using a hoe to cut the plant off at its taproot. While this is effective, removing the entire plant by gripping the taproot, stem or trunk and pulling upward to remove the taproot is far more effective. This requires monitoring the area and removing the weed throughout the preseeding time (late spring and early summer in many temperate areas). This will greatly reduce the prevalence of the weed the following year. Mowing is not an effective method of eradication, because the plant grows flat against the ground.
Another avenue of physical eradication is to crowd out the opportunistic weed by providing good competition from favorable plants. Aerating compacted sites and planting competitive desirable plants including broad-leaved grasses such as St Augustine can reduce the impact of puncture vine by reducing resources available to the weed.

Chemical
Chemical control is generally recommended for home control of puncture vine. There are few pre-emergent herbicides that are effective. Products containing oryzalin, benefin, or trifluralin will provide partial control of germinating seeds. These must be applied prior to germination (late winter to midspring).
After plants have emerged from the soil (postemergent), products containing 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid ("2,4-D"), glyphosate, and dicamba are effective on puncture vine. Like most postemergents they are more effectively maintained when caught small and young. Dicamba and 2,4-D will cause harm to most broad-leaved plants so the user should take care to avoid over-application. They can be applied to lawns without injuring the desired grass. Glyphosate will kill or injure most plants so it should only be used as spot treatments or on solid stands of the weed.
Another product from DuPont called Pastora is highly effective, but expensive and not for lawn use.

Biological
Two weevils, Microlarinus lareynii and M. lypriformis, native to India, France, and Italy, were introduced into the United States as biocontrol agents in 1961. Both species of weevils are available for purchase from biological suppliers, but purchase and release is not often recommended because weevils collected from other areas may not survive at the purchaser’s location.
Microlarinus lareynii is a seed weevil that deposits its eggs in the young burr or flower bud. The larvae feed on and destroy the seeds before they pupate, emerge, disperse, and start the cycle over again. Its life cycle time is 19 to 24 days. Microlarinus lypriformis is a stem weevil that has a similar life cycle, excepting the location of the eggs, which includes the undersides of stems, branches, and the root crown. The larvae tunnel in the pith where they feed and pupate. Adults of both species overwinter in plant debris. Although the stem weevil is slightly more effective than the seed weevil when each is used alone, the weevils are most effective if used together and the puncture vine is moisture-stressed.

Phytochemistry
Two alkaloids that seem to cause limb paresis (staggers) in sheep that eat Tribulus terrestulis are the beta-carboline alkaloids harman (harmane) and norharman (norharmane).[24] The alkaloid content of dried foliage is about 44 mg/kg

**** www.pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Tribulus+terrestris : Click on link to read more, please.
Habitats
Cultivated Beds;
Edible Uses
Edible Parts: Fruit; Leaves.
Edible Uses:

Leaves and young shoots – cooked[144, 177]. A nutritional analysis is available[218]. Fruit – cooked. The unexpanded seed capsules are ground into a powder and made into a bread[2, 144, 177, 179]. A famine food, it is only used when all else fails[2].
Composition
Figures in grams (g) or miligrams (mg) per 100g of food.
Leaves (Fresh weight)
*0 Calories per 100g
*Water : 79.09%
*Protein: 7.22g; Fat: 0g; Carbohydrate: 0g; Fibre: 0g; Ash: 4.6g;
*Minerals – Calcium: 1600mg; Phosphorus: 80mg; Iron: 9.22mg; Magnesium: 0mg; Sodium: 0mg; Potassium: 0mg; Zinc: 0mg;
*Vitamins – A: 0mg; Thiamine (B1): 0mg; Riboflavin (B2): 0mg; Niacin: 0mg; B6: 0mg; C: 41mg;
*Reference: [ 218]
*Notes:

Medicinal Uses
Plants For A Future can not take any responsibility for any adverse effects from the use of plants. Always seek advice from a professional before using a plant medicinally.

Abortifacient; Alterative; Anthelmintic; Aphrodisiac; Carminative; Demulcent; Diuretic; Galactogogue; Infertility; Pectoral.

The seed is abortifacient, alterative, anthelmintic, aphrodisiac, astringent, carminative, demulcent, diuretic, emmenagogue, galactogogue, pectoral and tonic[4, 147, 176, 178, 218]. It stimulates blood circulation[147]. A decoction is used in treating impotency in males, nocturnal emissions, gonorrhoea and incontinence of urine[4, 240]. It has also proved effective in treating painful urination, gout and kidney diseases[240]. The plant has shown anticancer activity[218]. The flowers are used in the treatment of leprosy[218]. The stems are used in the treatment of scabious skin diseases and psoriasis[218]. The dried and concocted fruits are used in the treatment of congestion, gas, headache, liver, ophthalmia and stomatitis[218].

When are Medical Marijuana dispensaries going to be open in New Jersey?

Question by Mackie: When are Medical Marijuana dispensaries going to be open in New Jersey?
I know Medical Marijuana is now Legalized in the state of New Jersey and i was wondering when dispensaries are going to be able to start opening. I would also like to know what kind of sicknesses you need to obtain a Medical Marijuana card.

Such as.
Arthritis
Cancer and Chemotherapy
Chronic Pain
Fibromyalgia
Glaucoma
MS
Nausea

Best answer:

Answer by JMITW
the list is very limited

What conditions qualify someone to participate?
Patients must be certified by their physicians as having a debilitating medical condition, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, terminal cancer, muscular dystrophy, or inflammatory bowel disease, including Crohn’s disease. Terminal illness also qualifies if the physician determines the patient has less than 12 months to live.

The following conditions qualify if they are resistant to conventional medical therapy: seizure disorder, including epilepsy; intractable skeletal muscular spasticity; or glaucoma.

The following conditions qualify if severe or chronic pain, severe nausea or vomiting, cachexia, or wasting syndrome results from the condition or its treatment: positive status for AIDS, HIV or cancer.

What do you think? Answer below!

IMG_3199

Check out these therapies for chronic pain images:

IMG_3199


Image by SOMBILON ART, MEDIA and PHOTOGRAPHY

Pain Management people. What do you do when your Fentanyl patches no longer work?

Question by Dynodikk: Pain Management people. What do you do when your Fentanyl patches no longer work?
Or is this impossible. I am asking because I am in chronic pain and beyond pills.

Best answer:

Answer by Spam
I would find out why I have the pain and what is causing it.

Look in the phone book for an Osteopath

Know better? Leave your own answer in the comments!