Q&A: Knee Pain When Bending Legg (Feels tight like its gonna snap)?

Question by Yatesy2380: Knee Pain When Bending Legg (Feels tight like its gonna snap)?
I knocked my knee about 3 weeks ago. I thought the pain when I bent my leg was my scabs. But they have gone now and it still hurts. The scabs are on the side of my knee and the pain is dead on centre just below the knee cap.

When I bend my knee it feels like something is going to snap, like it is just a very sharp pain. I cannot fully bend the knee due to the pain. It hurts especially when I bend my knee in mid air (with no weight on it). Sometimes I can kneel down with all my weight on the knee and it does not hurt. I feel it most when stepping over obstacles where I have to bend my leg to get over them.

I really don’t know why this is hurting. I have no pain when running or walking, just bending the leg more than 45 degrees from straight.

Thanks in advance.

Best answer:

Answer by Kaddie M
well maybe its badly bruised. this kinda thingy happened to me and it lasted around the same time and it turned out my knee was just really badly bruised so itll get better try taking warm baths it doesnt hurt as much after
hope it gets better =]

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Cool Lower Left Side Abdomen Pain images

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Mature fruits of Premna serratifolia … Trái chín c?a cây V?ng Cách, Cách ….


Image by Vietnam Plants & America plants
Trên ???ng tr? v? Saigon t? Bình D??ng, tôi ?ã qu?o vào con ???ng bên trái, (?i h?t ???ng thì s? ??n c?u Bình Ph??c ). Tôi ?ã th?y Cây Cách này gi?ng nh? cây ?ã ch?p ? B?n Tre, nh?ng mép lá không có khía , mùi th?m gi?ng nh? v?y, trái thì có v? h?i d?p. Thôi thì t?m cho nó vào m?t set, khi khác n?u th?y m?t tên khác tôi s? thay ??i .

Tháng 6 n?m 2011 : hôm nay ra v??n ?? xem l?i c?u trúc c?a lá Cách khi nó ?ã cao l?n ??n g?n 2 mét, tôi th?y ?úng nh? D??c s? ?? T?t L?i ?ã vi?t : lá c?a cây tr??ng thành thì mép khía s? không còn r?ng n?a, hay ch? còn r?t ít , và tôi ?ã ch?p nh?n cho nó vào cùng m?t tên khoa h?c v?i lo?i Cách tôi ?ã ch?p ? Th? thiêm và B?n Tre ( con trai tôi ch?p ).

On the way from Bình D??ng to Saigon, I turned at left side, and saw another Premna , but can not find another ID , so, I add them to this set while I am searching ID and informations for them, if they really have different Scientist names .

June, 2011 : My Premna plant is growing up to nearly 2 metters, and the leaves now has not serrates at the margin any more, so I can get them a scientist name as I got before : Premna corymbosa , Premna seratifolia or Premna intergrifolia .

Vietnamese named : Cách, V?ng cách
English names : Creek Premna
Scientist name : Premna serratifolia L.
Synonyms : Premna corymbosa (Burm. f.) Rottb. Et Willd.,
Cornutia corymbosa Burm. .,
P. obtusifolia R. Br.,
P. integrifolia var. obtusifolia (R. Br.) P’ei,
P.integrifolia L

Family : Verbenaceae . H? c? Roi ng?a

Searched from :

**** TRUNG TÂM D? LI?U TH?C V?T VIETNAM
botanyvn.com/cnt.asp?param=edir&v=Premna%20corymbosa&…

Tên Khoa h?c: Premna corymbosa (Burm. f.) Rottb. Et Willd.
Tên ti?ng Anh:
Tên ti?ng Vi?t: V?ng cách; Cách bi?n.
Tên khác: Cornutia corymbosa Burm. f., Premna serratifolia L., P.integrifolia L., P. obtusifolia R. Br., P. integrifolia var. obtusifolia (R. Br.) P’ei,

**** CH? THU?C 24H.COM
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&filethuoc=Cách

Cách

Cách, V?ng cách, Bông cách – Premna corymbosa (Burm. f.) Rottl. et Willd. (P. integrifolia L.), thu?c h? C? roi ng?a – Verbenaceae.

Mô t?: Cây g? nh? phân nhánh, có khi m?c leo, th??ng có gai. Lá r?t thay ??i, hình trái xoan hay trái xoan b?u d?c, g?c tròn hay hình tim, chóp tù hay có m?i ng?n, dài t?i 16cm, r?ng 12cm hay h?n, nguyên ho?c h?i khía r?ng ? ph?n trên, có ít lông ? d??i, nh?t là trên các gân. Hoa nh?, nhi?u, màu tr?ng l?c xám, h?p thành ngù ? ng?n cây. Qu? h?ch hình tr?ng, màu ?en, r?ng c? 3-4mm, có 4 ô, m?i ô ch?a m?t h?t.

B? ph?n dùng: Lá, r? và cành – Folium, Radix et Ramulus Premnae Corymbosae.

N?i s?ng và thu hái: Loài c?a ?n ??, Lào, Campuchia, Thái Lan và Vi?t Nam. ? n??c ta, cây m?c hoang và ???c tr?ng ? ??ng b?ng và vùng núi ?? l?y lá làm gia v? ?n g?i cá. R?, lá có th? thu hái quanh n?m. Lá l?y v?, r?a s?ch, ph?i hay s?y khô ho?c sao vàng mà dùng.

Thành ph?n hóa h?c: Toàn cây có mùi r?t khó ch?u nh?ng lá có mùi th?m h?i h?c; còn r? có v? ??ng, nóng có mùi d? ch?u. Nó ch?a m?t tinh d?u th?m và m?t ch?t màu màu vàng. V? cây ch?a 2 alcaloid là premnin và ganiarin. Premnin có tác d?ng gi?ng th?n kinh giao c?m; nó làm gi?m s?c co c?a tim và làm dãn n? ??ng t?.

Tính v?, tác d?ng: Cách có v? ng?t, nh?n, tính mát, có tác d?ng tr? t? can, mát gan, sáng m?t, tiêu ??c, l?i ti?u. R? thông kinh m?ch, tán ? k?t tê b?i, l?i tiêu hoá.

Công d?ng, ch? ??nh và ph?i h?p: ???c dùng tr? phù do gan, x? gan và tr? l?. Còn dùng tr? th?p kh?p và làm thu?c l?i s?a. ? ?n ??, cây ???c dùng tr? ?au dây th?n kinh; r? dùng tr? di ch?ng xu?t huy?t não. ? ?n ?? và In?ônêxia, ng??i ta còn dùng cây tr? b?nh ?au gan, ?au d? dày và làm thu?c h? nhi?t. Lá cách ???c dùng nhi?u ? ?n ?? làm thu?c tr? c?m l?nh và s?t, tr? ??y h?i và dùng d??i d?ng xúp làm thu?c l?i tiêu hoá, gây trung ti?n. Ngày dùng 8-12g lá, ??t cây; r? dùng v?i li?u ít h?n.

??n thu?c:

1. Ch?a l?, dùng lá Cách t??i 30g, giã nát, thêm n??c sôi ?? ngu?i vào khu?y ??u, v?t n??c, thêm tí ???ng cho ng?t mà u?ng. Ngày dùng 30-40ml. Tr? em dùng n?a li?u c?a ng??i l?n. C?ng có th? dùng lá khô v?i li?u 10-15g m?i ngày, s?c u?ng.

2. H?u s?n vàng da, dùng lá Cách ph?i h?p v?i Nhân tr?n và C?i xay, li?u l??ng b?ng nhau 12g s?c n??c u?ng.

**** KHOA H?C PH? THÔNG
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H?I: B?n Nguy?n V?n B, ? Lai Vung, vi?t: “Tôi nay th??ng xuyên b? u? o?i, nh?c ??u, nh?c mình m?y, khó ng?… Chú tôi b?o l?y cây Lá cách ch?t ra ph?i khô n?u u?ng và tôi ?ã dùng m?t tháng qua th?y r?t hi?u qu?. Xin cho bi?t dùng dài ngày nh? v?y có h?i hay tác d?ng ph? gì không?Lá cách còn có tác d?ng nào n?a không?” (G?i kèm m?u lá khô).
?ÁP: M?u v?t b?n h?i là cây Cách, còn g?i V?ng cách, Lá cách (Premna serratifolia L., tên ??ng ngh?a: Premna corymbosa Rottl. Ex Willd., P. integrifolia Roxb., P. obtusifolia R. Br.) thu?c h? Ng? tr?o Verbenaceae.
Ti?u m?c hay ??i m?c, cao 2 – 7 mét, phân nhánh nhi?u. Lá m?c ??i, hình tim, phi?n lá nguyên, h?i b?t x?ng, m?t trên láng, m?t d??i có ít lông. Chùm hoa t? tán hình t?ng ph?ng, nhi?u hoa tr?ng, nh?. Qu? tròn, r?ng 3 – 4 mm, ?en khi chín. M?c hoang ho?c tr?ng làm gia v?.
Lá có mùi th?m, th??ng dùng làm rau s?ng, n?u canh, cu?n th?t bò n??ng…
Cành, lá dùng làm thu?c (t??i hay ph?i khô). Kinh nghi?m y h?c c? truy?n các n??c dùng làm thu?c l?i thi?u, gi?i ??c, tr? ho, tr? tiêu hóa, l?i s?a, l?i kinh, tr? ki?t l? và th?p kh?p. Li?u dùng: cành lá khô 20 – 30 g (t??i 50 – 100 g) s?c u?ng. Cành Cách c? ngón chân cái, ph?i héo r?i ?un vào b?p than, ??u kia s? xì ra b?t n??c, dùng ?? thoa lên v?t chàm, d? ?ng, v?t l? loét và m?n nh?t cho mau lành.
Theo các nghiên c?u khoa h?c, thân, cành, lá Cách ch?a alcaloid: premnin, granimin có tính c??ng giao c?m th?n kinh, ngh?a là làm co m?ch, t?ng huy?t áp, ti?t n??c b?t, n? ??ng t?, t?ng nhu ??ng ru?t, n? khí qu?n… cho nên khi u?ng n??c s?c cành, lá Cách b?n c?m th?y h?ng ph?n, h?t m?t m?i, ?n ngon mi?ng và kh?e ra… Tuy nhiên, m?c dù nh?ng nghiên c?u v? ??c tính cho th?y v?i li?u u?ng 2.000 mg trích tinh/kg c? th? súc v?t thí nghi?m không gây ng? ??c nào, nh?ng ta ch? nên dùng thu?c t? vài ba ngày ??n vài tu?n ?? tr? b?nh r?i ngh? ch? ??ng u?ng th??ng xuyên không có ích mà còn có th? gây cao huy?t áp, vì cây có tính c??ng tr?c giao c?m th?n kinh. B?n B. nên có ch? ?? ?n u?ng cân b?ng d??ng ch?t, th?c hành th? d?c, th? thao th??ng xuyên ?? nâng cao s?c kh?e thay vì dùng thu?c th??ng xuyên dù ?ó là cây nhà lá v??n thiên nhiên.
Tác d?ng c??ng giao c?m th?n kinh này c?a cây Cách c?ng gi?i thích công d?ng làm thu?c l?i s?a, l?i kinh, tr? nh?c m?i, th?p kh?p trong kinh nghi?m dân gian. N??c s?c cây Cách c?ng có tính kháng sinh m?nh trong vi?c ch?ng nhi?m trùng ???ng ru?t, ng? ??c th?c ph?m, l? tr?c trùng. N??c s?c ??c bôi m?t, nh?t ngoài da.

__________________________________________________________

**** SOE.TOWNSVILLE.ORG
www.soe-townsville.org/plants_species_list/premna_serrati…

Common Name:Creek Premna

Family:Verbenaceae

Form and Size:A spreading shrub or small tree growing up to 2 – 4m high.

Distribution:Across northern tropical Australia, usually along watercourses or in seasonally wet areas but is also found in monsoon forests and vine thickets.

Leaves:Leaves are arranged in opposite direction, broadly egg-shaped with smooth, leathery textured. It is light green in colour with prominent veins and middle rib raised beneath.

Flowers:Green-cream in colour, borne on spreading terminal panicles about 10 – 20cm across.

Flowering Period:January to June.

Fruit:Fruits are black, smooth and globular in shape about 0.3 – 0.6cm in diameter.

Cultivation/Notes:Propagate from seed. Aborigines used this plant to treat the stings of Stonefish and Stingray as well as spear wounds.

**** KEW.ORG.
www.kew.org/plants-fungi/Premna-serratifolia.htm

Species Information
Scientific Name: Premna serratifolia L.
Common name(s): malbau (Malay language), headache tree
Synonym(s): Premna integrifolia
Conservation Status: Rated by IUCN as of Least Concern (LC).
Habitat: Open vegetation along coasts and rivers.
Key Uses: Edible leaves; leaves, roots and bark used in traditional medicine; used for hedges and as a street tree.
Known hazards: None known.
About this species
Premna serratifolia was named by the Swedish botanist and ‘father of taxonomy’ Carl Linnaeus in 1771, in the publication Mantissa Plantarum Altera. The leaves of the type specimen (the specimen used by Linnaeus for his description) are somewhat serrated, and hence explain the choice of the specific epithet serratifolia for a species that generally has smooth-edged leaves. There are about 50 species in the genus Premna. This particular species is also encountered in the literature as Premna integrifolia.

**** JSTOR PLANT SCIENCE
plants.jstor.org/taxon/Premna.serratifolia
Accepted name in African Plant Checklist and Database
Premna serratifolia L. [family VERBENACEAE]
Synonymy (4)
? Premna integrifolia L. [family VERBENACEAE]
? Premna obtusifolia R.Br. [family VERBENACEAE]
? Premna corymbosa Rottler & Willd. [family VERBENACEAE]
? Cornutia corymbosa Burm.f. [family LAMIACEAE]

**** PHILIPPINE MEDICINAL PLANTS
www.stuartxchange.org/Alagaw.html
Botany
Small hairy tree, 3 to 8 meters high. Leaves are ovate to broadly ovate, 10-20 cm long, with broad, rounded, or heart-shaped base and pointed tips. The under surface of the blade is usually covered with short hairs, aromatic when crushed. Flowers are greeninsh-white or nearly white, 4-5 mm long and borne on terminal inflorescences (cymes) 68-20 cm in diamter. Fruit is fleshy, dark purple, rounded, about 5 mm diameter.

Distribution
In thickets and secondary forests at low altitudes.

Chemical constituents and properties
Leaves do not contain alkaloid, tannin, saponin or cyanogenetic substance.
Leaves yield 0.02 percent yellowish-green essential oil with a characteristic scent.
Sudorific, pectoral, carminative.

Parts utilized
Leaves and flowering tops, fresh or dried.

Uses
Folkloric
· Cough: Sugared decoction of leaves as tea helps loosen up phlegm.
• Decoction of leaves for fever and colds, cough and bronchitis.
· Flatulence (gas pains):
Adults: decoction of leaves as tea.
Children: Crush leaves, mix with a little coconut or cooking oil and apply on abdomen.
· Headache: Crush leaves and apply on forehead and temples.
·Tea decoction of the leaf has been used for tuberculosis.
· Chewing the roots believed to have cardiac benefits.
· Decoction of shoots used as paraciticide.
· Decoction of leaves used for bathing infants.
• Decoction of fresh leaves used for vaginal irrigation.
· Extract of leaves for cleaning wounds and for ticks and fleas.
· Leaves applied over the bladder facilitates urination.
Culinary
Young leaves used in the cooking of "paksiw" and "bopis."
New
• Decoction of leaves and flowering tops used as vaginal wash or douche; antiseptic properties make it useful for cleansing and incorporation with bath-care products.
• Pito-pito: Leaves are one of the seven ingredients of the popular herbal Filipino tea blend – alagaw, banaba, bayabas, pandan, manga, anis and cilantro. (See: Pito-Pito)

Studies
• Collagen Network / Acetoside: Study of methanol extract of leaves of Premna odorata exhibited a promotion of collagen network formation by M cells and isolated acetoside, an phenylethanoid with a variety of biological activities. Acetoside may contribute to wound healing.
• Anti-Viral Activity: Study of 61 medicinal plants in Malaysia showed P odorata was 1 of 11 plants to show selective activity against vesicular stomatitis (VSV) viruses.
• In-vitro Photo-Cytotoxic Activity: A study of 155 extracts from 93 species of plants in Malaysia screened for in vitro photo-cytotoxic activity using a human leukemia cell lin, P odorata was one of 29 plants that was able to reduce in vitro cell viability by more than 50% when exposed to broad spectrum light.
• Hepatoprotective / Cytotoxic Activity: Study showed the alcoholic extract with significant hepatoprotective activity evidenced by decrease of serum enzymes, bilirubin and lipid peroxidation, comparable to drug silymarin. It also exhibited significant in-vitro cytotoxic activity. Results showed the alcoholic extract not only as an effective hepatoprotective agent, but with also significant antitumor activity.
• Antiparasitic Activity: In a study of 18 medicinal plants in New Caledonia evaluated in vitro against several parasites, Scaevola balansae and Premna serratifolia were the most active against Leishmania donovani.

Availability
Wild-crafted.

**** BOTANY HAWAII EDU.
www.botany.hawaii.edu/basch/uhnpscesu/htms/npsapln2/fish_…

Leaves of Premna serratifolia … Lá c?a cây V?ng Cách, Cách ..


Image by Vietnam Plants & America plants
Trên ???ng tr? v? Saigon t? Bình D??ng, tôi ?ã qu?o vào con ???ng bên trái, (?i h?t ???ng thì s? ??n c?u Bình Ph??c ). Tôi ?ã th?y Cây Cách này gi?ng nh? cây ?ã ch?p ? B?n Tre, nh?ng mép lá không có khía , mùi th?m gi?ng nh? v?y, trái thì có v? h?i d?p. Thôi thì t?m cho nó vào m?t set, khi khác n?u th?y m?t tên khác tôi s? thay ??i .

Tháng 6 n?m 2011 : hôm nay ra v??n ?? xem l?i c?u trúc c?a lá Cách khi nó ?ã cao l?n ??n g?n 2 mét, tôi th?y ?úng nh? D??c s? ?? T?t L?i ?ã vi?t : lá c?a cây tr??ng thành thì mép khía s? không còn r?ng n?a, hay ch? còn r?t ít , và tôi ?ã ch?p nh?n cho nó vào cùng m?t tên khoa h?c v?i lo?i Cách tôi ?ã ch?p ? Th? thiêm và B?n Tre ( con trai tôi ch?p ).

On the way from Bình D??ng to Saigon, I turned at left side, and saw another Premna , but can not find another ID , so, I add them to this set while I am searching ID and informations for them, if they really have different Scientist names .

June, 2011 : My Premna plant is growing up to nearly 2 metters, and the leaves now has not serrates at the margin any more, so I can get them a scientist name as I got before : Premna corymbosa , Premna seratifolia or Premna intergrifolia .

Vietnamese named : Cách, V?ng cách
English names : Creek Premna
Scientist name : Premna serratifolia L.
Synonyms : Premna corymbosa (Burm. f.) Rottb. Et Willd.,
Cornutia corymbosa Burm. .,
P. obtusifolia R. Br.,
P. integrifolia var. obtusifolia (R. Br.) P’ei,
P.integrifolia L

Family : Verbenaceae . H? c? Roi ng?a

Searched from :

**** TRUNG TÂM D? LI?U TH?C V?T VIETNAM
botanyvn.com/cnt.asp?param=edir&v=Premna%20corymbosa&…

Tên Khoa h?c: Premna corymbosa (Burm. f.) Rottb. Et Willd.
Tên ti?ng Anh:
Tên ti?ng Vi?t: V?ng cách; Cách bi?n.
Tên khác: Cornutia corymbosa Burm. f., Premna serratifolia L., P.integrifolia L., P. obtusifolia R. Br., P. integrifolia var. obtusifolia (R. Br.) P’ei,

**** CH? THU?C 24H.COM
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&filethuoc=Cách

Cách

Cách, V?ng cách, Bông cách – Premna corymbosa (Burm. f.) Rottl. et Willd. (P. integrifolia L.), thu?c h? C? roi ng?a – Verbenaceae.

Mô t?: Cây g? nh? phân nhánh, có khi m?c leo, th??ng có gai. Lá r?t thay ??i, hình trái xoan hay trái xoan b?u d?c, g?c tròn hay hình tim, chóp tù hay có m?i ng?n, dài t?i 16cm, r?ng 12cm hay h?n, nguyên ho?c h?i khía r?ng ? ph?n trên, có ít lông ? d??i, nh?t là trên các gân. Hoa nh?, nhi?u, màu tr?ng l?c xám, h?p thành ngù ? ng?n cây. Qu? h?ch hình tr?ng, màu ?en, r?ng c? 3-4mm, có 4 ô, m?i ô ch?a m?t h?t.

B? ph?n dùng: Lá, r? và cành – Folium, Radix et Ramulus Premnae Corymbosae.

N?i s?ng và thu hái: Loài c?a ?n ??, Lào, Campuchia, Thái Lan và Vi?t Nam. ? n??c ta, cây m?c hoang và ???c tr?ng ? ??ng b?ng và vùng núi ?? l?y lá làm gia v? ?n g?i cá. R?, lá có th? thu hái quanh n?m. Lá l?y v?, r?a s?ch, ph?i hay s?y khô ho?c sao vàng mà dùng.

Thành ph?n hóa h?c: Toàn cây có mùi r?t khó ch?u nh?ng lá có mùi th?m h?i h?c; còn r? có v? ??ng, nóng có mùi d? ch?u. Nó ch?a m?t tinh d?u th?m và m?t ch?t màu màu vàng. V? cây ch?a 2 alcaloid là premnin và ganiarin. Premnin có tác d?ng gi?ng th?n kinh giao c?m; nó làm gi?m s?c co c?a tim và làm dãn n? ??ng t?.

Tính v?, tác d?ng: Cách có v? ng?t, nh?n, tính mát, có tác d?ng tr? t? can, mát gan, sáng m?t, tiêu ??c, l?i ti?u. R? thông kinh m?ch, tán ? k?t tê b?i, l?i tiêu hoá.

Công d?ng, ch? ??nh và ph?i h?p: ???c dùng tr? phù do gan, x? gan và tr? l?. Còn dùng tr? th?p kh?p và làm thu?c l?i s?a. ? ?n ??, cây ???c dùng tr? ?au dây th?n kinh; r? dùng tr? di ch?ng xu?t huy?t não. ? ?n ?? và In?ônêxia, ng??i ta còn dùng cây tr? b?nh ?au gan, ?au d? dày và làm thu?c h? nhi?t. Lá cách ???c dùng nhi?u ? ?n ?? làm thu?c tr? c?m l?nh và s?t, tr? ??y h?i và dùng d??i d?ng xúp làm thu?c l?i tiêu hoá, gây trung ti?n. Ngày dùng 8-12g lá, ??t cây; r? dùng v?i li?u ít h?n.

??n thu?c:

1. Ch?a l?, dùng lá Cách t??i 30g, giã nát, thêm n??c sôi ?? ngu?i vào khu?y ??u, v?t n??c, thêm tí ???ng cho ng?t mà u?ng. Ngày dùng 30-40ml. Tr? em dùng n?a li?u c?a ng??i l?n. C?ng có th? dùng lá khô v?i li?u 10-15g m?i ngày, s?c u?ng.

2. H?u s?n vàng da, dùng lá Cách ph?i h?p v?i Nhân tr?n và C?i xay, li?u l??ng b?ng nhau 12g s?c n??c u?ng.

**** KHOA H?C PH? THÔNG
khoahocphothong.trust.vn/newspaper/detail/5258/la-cach-.html

H?I: B?n Nguy?n V?n B, ? Lai Vung, vi?t: “Tôi nay th??ng xuyên b? u? o?i, nh?c ??u, nh?c mình m?y, khó ng?… Chú tôi b?o l?y cây Lá cách ch?t ra ph?i khô n?u u?ng và tôi ?ã dùng m?t tháng qua th?y r?t hi?u qu?. Xin cho bi?t dùng dài ngày nh? v?y có h?i hay tác d?ng ph? gì không?Lá cách còn có tác d?ng nào n?a không?” (G?i kèm m?u lá khô).
?ÁP: M?u v?t b?n h?i là cây Cách, còn g?i V?ng cách, Lá cách (Premna serratifolia L., tên ??ng ngh?a: Premna corymbosa Rottl. Ex Willd., P. integrifolia Roxb., P. obtusifolia R. Br.) thu?c h? Ng? tr?o Verbenaceae.
Ti?u m?c hay ??i m?c, cao 2 – 7 mét, phân nhánh nhi?u. Lá m?c ??i, hình tim, phi?n lá nguyên, h?i b?t x?ng, m?t trên láng, m?t d??i có ít lông. Chùm hoa t? tán hình t?ng ph?ng, nhi?u hoa tr?ng, nh?. Qu? tròn, r?ng 3 – 4 mm, ?en khi chín. M?c hoang ho?c tr?ng làm gia v?.
Lá có mùi th?m, th??ng dùng làm rau s?ng, n?u canh, cu?n th?t bò n??ng…
Cành, lá dùng làm thu?c (t??i hay ph?i khô). Kinh nghi?m y h?c c? truy?n các n??c dùng làm thu?c l?i thi?u, gi?i ??c, tr? ho, tr? tiêu hóa, l?i s?a, l?i kinh, tr? ki?t l? và th?p kh?p. Li?u dùng: cành lá khô 20 – 30 g (t??i 50 – 100 g) s?c u?ng. Cành Cách c? ngón chân cái, ph?i héo r?i ?un vào b?p than, ??u kia s? xì ra b?t n??c, dùng ?? thoa lên v?t chàm, d? ?ng, v?t l? loét và m?n nh?t cho mau lành.
Theo các nghiên c?u khoa h?c, thân, cành, lá Cách ch?a alcaloid: premnin, granimin có tính c??ng giao c?m th?n kinh, ngh?a là làm co m?ch, t?ng huy?t áp, ti?t n??c b?t, n? ??ng t?, t?ng nhu ??ng ru?t, n? khí qu?n… cho nên khi u?ng n??c s?c cành, lá Cách b?n c?m th?y h?ng ph?n, h?t m?t m?i, ?n ngon mi?ng và kh?e ra… Tuy nhiên, m?c dù nh?ng nghiên c?u v? ??c tính cho th?y v?i li?u u?ng 2.000 mg trích tinh/kg c? th? súc v?t thí nghi?m không gây ng? ??c nào, nh?ng ta ch? nên dùng thu?c t? vài ba ngày ??n vài tu?n ?? tr? b?nh r?i ngh? ch? ??ng u?ng th??ng xuyên không có ích mà còn có th? gây cao huy?t áp, vì cây có tính c??ng tr?c giao c?m th?n kinh. B?n B. nên có ch? ?? ?n u?ng cân b?ng d??ng ch?t, th?c hành th? d?c, th? thao th??ng xuyên ?? nâng cao s?c kh?e thay vì dùng thu?c th??ng xuyên dù ?ó là cây nhà lá v??n thiên nhiên.
Tác d?ng c??ng giao c?m th?n kinh này c?a cây Cách c?ng gi?i thích công d?ng làm thu?c l?i s?a, l?i kinh, tr? nh?c m?i, th?p kh?p trong kinh nghi?m dân gian. N??c s?c cây Cách c?ng có tính kháng sinh m?nh trong vi?c ch?ng nhi?m trùng ???ng ru?t, ng? ??c th?c ph?m, l? tr?c trùng. N??c s?c ??c bôi m?t, nh?t ngoài da.

__________________________________________________________

**** SOE.TOWNSVILLE.ORG
www.soe-townsville.org/plants_species_list/premna_serrati…

Common Name:Creek Premna

Family:Verbenaceae

Form and Size:A spreading shrub or small tree growing up to 2 – 4m high.

Distribution:Across northern tropical Australia, usually along watercourses or in seasonally wet areas but is also found in monsoon forests and vine thickets.

Leaves:Leaves are arranged in opposite direction, broadly egg-shaped with smooth, leathery textured. It is light green in colour with prominent veins and middle rib raised beneath.

Flowers:Green-cream in colour, borne on spreading terminal panicles about 10 – 20cm across.

Flowering Period:January to June.

Fruit:Fruits are black, smooth and globular in shape about 0.3 – 0.6cm in diameter.

Cultivation/Notes:Propagate from seed. Aborigines used this plant to treat the stings of Stonefish and Stingray as well as spear wounds.

**** KEW.ORG.
www.kew.org/plants-fungi/Premna-serratifolia.htm

Species Information
Scientific Name: Premna serratifolia L.
Common name(s): malbau (Malay language), headache tree
Synonym(s): Premna integrifolia
Conservation Status: Rated by IUCN as of Least Concern (LC).
Habitat: Open vegetation along coasts and rivers.
Key Uses: Edible leaves; leaves, roots and bark used in traditional medicine; used for hedges and as a street tree.
Known hazards: None known.
About this species
Premna serratifolia was named by the Swedish botanist and ‘father of taxonomy’ Carl Linnaeus in 1771, in the publication Mantissa Plantarum Altera. The leaves of the type specimen (the specimen used by Linnaeus for his description) are somewhat serrated, and hence explain the choice of the specific epithet serratifolia for a species that generally has smooth-edged leaves. There are about 50 species in the genus Premna. This particular species is also encountered in the literature as Premna integrifolia.

**** JSTOR PLANT SCIENCE
plants.jstor.org/taxon/Premna.serratifolia
Accepted name in African Plant Checklist and Database
Premna serratifolia L. [family VERBENACEAE]
Synonymy (4)
? Premna integrifolia L. [family VERBENACEAE]
? Premna obtusifolia R.Br. [family VERBENACEAE]
? Premna corymbosa Rottler & Willd. [family VERBENACEAE]
? Cornutia corymbosa Burm.f. [family LAMIACEAE]

**** PHILIPPINE MEDICINAL PLANTS
www.stuartxchange.org/Alagaw.html
Botany
Small hairy tree, 3 to 8 meters high. Leaves are ovate to broadly ovate, 10-20 cm long, with broad, rounded, or heart-shaped base and pointed tips. The under surface of the blade is usually covered with short hairs, aromatic when crushed. Flowers are greeninsh-white or nearly white, 4-5 mm long and borne on terminal inflorescences (cymes) 68-20 cm in diamter. Fruit is fleshy, dark purple, rounded, about 5 mm diameter.

Distribution
In thickets and secondary forests at low altitudes.

Chemical constituents and properties
Leaves do not contain alkaloid, tannin, saponin or cyanogenetic substance.
Leaves yield 0.02 percent yellowish-green essential oil with a characteristic scent.
Sudorific, pectoral, carminative.

Parts utilized
Leaves and flowering tops, fresh or dried.

Uses
Folkloric
· Cough: Sugared decoction of leaves as tea helps loosen up phlegm.
• Decoction of leaves for fever and colds, cough and bronchitis.
· Flatulence (gas pains):
Adults: decoction of leaves as tea.
Children: Crush leaves, mix with a little coconut or cooking oil and apply on abdomen.
· Headache: Crush leaves and apply on forehead and temples.
·Tea decoction of the leaf has been used for tuberculosis.
· Chewing the roots believed to have cardiac benefits.
· Decoction of shoots used as paraciticide.
· Decoction of leaves used for bathing infants.
• Decoction of fresh leaves used for vaginal irrigation.
· Extract of leaves for cleaning wounds and for ticks and fleas.
· Leaves applied over the bladder facilitates urination.
Culinary
Young leaves used in the cooking of "paksiw" and "bopis."
New
• Decoction of leaves and flowering tops used as vaginal wash or douche; antiseptic properties make it useful for cleansing and incorporation with bath-care products.
• Pito-pito: Leaves are one of the seven ingredients of the popular herbal Filipino tea blend – alagaw, banaba, bayabas, pandan, manga, anis and cilantro. (See: Pito-Pito)

Studies
• Collagen Network / Acetoside: Study of methanol extract of leaves of Premna odorata exhibited a promotion of collagen network formation by M cells and isolated acetoside, an phenylethanoid with a variety of biological activities. Acetoside may contribute to wound healing.
• Anti-Viral Activity: Study of 61 medicinal plants in Malaysia showed P odorata was 1 of 11 plants to show selective activity against vesicular stomatitis (VSV) viruses.
• In-vitro Photo-Cytotoxic Activity: A study of 155 extracts from 93 species of plants in Malaysia screened for in vitro photo-cytotoxic activity using a human leukemia cell lin, P odorata was one of 29 plants that was able to reduce in vitro cell viability by more than 50% when exposed to broad spectrum light.
• Hepatoprotective / Cytotoxic Activity: Study showed the alcoholic extract with significant hepatoprotective activity evidenced by decrease of serum enzymes, bilirubin and lipid peroxidation, comparable to drug silymarin. It also exhibited significant in-vitro cytotoxic activity. Results showed the alcoholic extract not only as an effective hepatoprotective agent, but with also significant antitumor activity.
• Antiparasitic Activity: In a study of 18 medicinal plants in New Caledonia evaluated in vitro against several parasites, Scaevola balansae and Premna serratifolia were the most active against Leishmania donovani.

Availability
Wild-crafted.

**** BOTANY HAWAII EDU.
www.botany.hawaii.edu/basch/uhnpscesu/htms/npsapln2/fish_…

Q&A: Pain in left side below ribs possible injury?

Question by : Pain in left side below ribs possible injury?
2 days ago I had a soccer game and my left side below the ribs hurt extremely bad. What could be wrong??

Best answer:

Answer by Dieter
That’s where your spleen lies. If you got hit there it would be very painful.

Know better? Leave your own answer in the comments!

Can joint pain and stress be linked to one another?

Question by Sasha: Can joint pain and stress be linked to one another?
Im 23 yrs old- i have been experiencing sudden joint pain- went to the doctor got lab work done and said everything is perfect! My esr- inflamation in my body is slightly above normal is 20 mine is 22 but not enough to call it arthritis or anything. But i have been really stressed out could that be the cause? I also have allergies to weed pollen and mold- which have been taking a toll- and marital problems with my husband- we are currently seperated! Can stress be the cause?

Best answer:

Answer by CTC
Stress can cause pain. Practicing Taiji relieves stress and pain. U should try it for 6 months.

Add your own answer in the comments!

Yowch!

A few nice human foot pain images I found:

Yowch!


Image by jazzijava
Yeah… I smashed my foot into the door. There was blood. Yes, I cleaned it up.

Chickweed,Stellaria media …#2

A few nice home remedies for lower back pain images I found:

Chickweed,Stellaria media …#2


Image by Vietnam Plants & America plants
Taken in Hewitt, Texas

Cây C? Gà ( Chickweed ) có th? tr? ???c b?nh v? d? ?ng da , ng?a da , ?m ??t da . Nó có hi?u qu? ch?m d?t c?n ng?a trong khi nh?ng loài khác ph?i ch?u thua.

Chickweed has a very long history of herbal use, being particularly beneficial in the external treatment of any kind of itching skin condition. It has been known to soothe severe itchiness even where all other remedies have failed.

Vietnamese named : Tinh Th?o ( các nhà hóa h?c ?ã ??t tên nh? v?y ). Tên Chickweed tôi ngh? g?i là C? gà thì nghe dân dã h?n.
Common names : Common Chickweed, Chickenwort, Craches, Maruns, Winterweed.
Scientist name : Stellaria media (L.) Vill.
Synonyms : Alsine media L. , Stellaria Apetala Ucria ex Roem.
Family : Caryophyllaceae ( Pink family ).
Scientific classification
Kingdom:Plantae
(unranked):Angiosperms
(unranked):Eudicots
(unranked):Core eudicots
Order:Caryophyllales
Genus:Stellaria
Species:S. media

**** www.bachkhoatrithuc.vn/encyclopedia/4669-4669-63393188701…
CÁCH THU HO?CH VÀ CH? BI?N D??C TH?O T? THIÊN NHIÊN

____________________________________________________________

**** plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=STME2
**** www.arkive.org/common-chickweed/stellaria-media/
**** www.ppws.vt.edu/scott/weed_id/steme.htm
**** www.anniesremedy.com/herb_detail149.php
**** www.naturalmedicinalherbs.net/herbs/s/stellaria-media=chi…

**** www.kingdomplantae.net/chickweed.php

Chickweed is another plant of Eurasian origin that’s made itself quite at home in the States and everywhere else that European people have traveled. It is now a common weed almost world-wide. Chickweed is an annual, but is somewhat unusual in that it often germinates in the fall (though it also germinates year-round), and hangs on through the winter, flowering and setting seed in the early spring, and dying off by summer. It’s at its best in the spring and fall, as it greatly prefers cool and damp conditions, and will not survive where it’s dry and hot.

This is a plant I looked everywhere for, and finally found in growing in embarrassing profusion along the north side of my house. Of course, now I see it all over. In spring and fall, before other plants get started, or after they’ve died or gone dormant, it grows right out in the open, and will generally appear in any sunny area of bare, moist, rich, soil. In summer, it’s more at home in cooler, partly shaded places, often provided by other plants. I find it most frequently in gardens, flower beds, and lawns.

Chickweed has shallow, fibrous, fragile roots. It’s easy to uproot accidentally, but will quickly recover if put back. The plant’s weak stems mostly trail along the ground (for up to about sixteen inches), but the growing ends may be upright (up to eight inches high). The stems branch very frequently and take root at the leaf junctions. If you look very closely at the stems, you’ll see a single line of hairs running up the side, and you’ll notice that the line changes sides at each leaf junction. The leaves are opposite, smooth, and oval (with a point at the tip), and the older leaves are stalked, while the new leaves are not.

Chickweed is just about always flowering, except in the dead of winter. It has tiny white flowers, about a quarter inch in diameter, in the leaf axils or in terminal clusters, with five deeply notched petals that look like ten, and five green sepals that are longer than the petals. The flowers close at night and open in the morning. They also close when it’s about to rain. Possibly they respond to changes in air pressure. It does seem that the flowers don’t open at all when a low pressure system is lingering. Chickweed also reacts to nightfall by folding its leaves over the growing tip to protect it.

The flowers develop into small capsule-like fruits which contain many tiny seeds (up to 15,000 per plant). The seeds generally germinate within a few years, but can remain viable for much longer.

Chickweed is generally used as food. I often nibble on it when I’m out in the yard. It has a mild, refreshing flavor. The leaves and stems can be added to salads, cooked as greens, or added to anything you might add greens to (which, to me, is just about everything). Just don’t cook it for more than a few minutes. Chickweed is particularly high in ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and mucilage, and also provides rutin, para amino benzoic acid (PABA), gamma linolenic acid (GLA, an omega-6 fatty acid derivative), niacin, riboflavin (B2), thiamin (B1), beta carotene (A), magnesium, iron, calcium, potassium, zinc, phosphorus, manganese, sodium, selenium, and silicon. The seeds are also edible. The plant can be dried for storage. Chickweed is a fairly safe food, however, as almost everything is somehow toxic if you use enough of it, over-consumption of this plant may give you diarrhea.

Medicinally, chickweed is tonic, diuretic, demulcent, expectorant, and mildly laxative. It’s often recommended for asthma, bronchitis, or congestion. It’s also said to help control obesity and is an ingredient in some herbal weight loss preparations. Externally, chickweed relieves itching and inflammation and is generally soothing and moisturizing. It can be used for any minor skin infections or irritations, and is an ingredient in a number of commercial skin care products. As far as I’ve been able to discover, this common plant has yet to be thoroughly scientifically studied.

However, the benefits ascribed to chickweed may simply be the result of its high nutritional value, especially the presence of gamma-linolenic acid (GLA). The medicinal effects of this fatty acid read much like the values ascribed to chickweed. GLA is recommended for a variety of skin problems, for hormone imbalances as in PMS, and for arthritis. It clears congestion, controls obesity, reduces inflammation, reduces water retention, acts as tonic for the liver, and reduces the negative effects of alcohol abuse.

Chickens and many other birds love chickweed, and eat both the plants and the seeds, which is how it gets its name. If you keep birds as pets, you can feed it to them too.

Chickweed is also one of the primary targets of various broad-leaf herbicides, but as I feel rather strongly about contributing poisons to the ecosystem, I would recommend weeding instead for those people who can’t learn to like this useful little plant.

Selected References

National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Wildflowers, Niering and Olmstead
Peterson Field Guides Eastern/Central Medicinal Plants, Steven Foster and James A. Duke
Peterson Field Guides Edible Wild Plants, Lee Allen Peterson
Field Guide to Edible Wild Plants, Bradford Angier
Stalking the Healthful Herbs, Euell Gibbons
Identifying and Harvesting Edible and Medicinal Plants, Steve Brill
The Encyclopedia of Edible Plants of North America, Francois Couplan, Ph.D.
Tom Brown’s Guide to Wild Edible and Medicinal Plants, Tom Brown, Jr.
A Modern Herbal, Volume I, Mrs. M. Grieve
Weeds, Alexander C Martin

**** en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stellaria_media

Uses

Stellaria media is edible and nutritious, and is used as a leaf vegetable, often raw in salads. It is one of the ingredients of the symbolic dish consumed in the Japanese spring-time festival, Nanakusa-no-sekku.

Folklore

The plant has uses in folk medicine. For example, 17th century herbalist John Gerard recommended it as a remedy for mange. Modern herbalists mainly prescribe it for skin diseases, and also for bronchitis, rheumatic pains, arthritis and period pain.[citation needed] A poultice of chickweed can be applied to cuts, burns and bruises.[citation needed] Not all of these uses are supported by scientific evidence.

Distribution and Identification

Stellaria media is widespread in North America from the Brooks Range in Alaska to all points south within North America. There are several closely related plants referred to as chickweed, but which lack the culinary and medicinal properties of plants in the genus Stellaria. Plants in the genus Cerastium are very similar in appearance to Stellaria and are in the same family (Carophyllaceae). Stellaria media can be easily distinguished from all other members of this family by examining the stems. Stellaria has fine hairs on only one side of the stem in a single band. Other members of the family Carophyllaceae which resemble Stellaria have hairs uniformly covering the entire stem.

Chickweed,Stellaria media …#7


Image by Vietnam Plants & America plants
Taken in Hewitt, Texas

Cây C? Gà ( Chickweed ) có th? tr? ???c b?nh v? d? ?ng da , ng?a da , ?m ??t da . Nó có hi?u qu? ch?m d?t c?n ng?a trong khi nh?ng loài khác ph?i ch?u thua.

Chickweed has a very long history of herbal use, being particularly beneficial in the external treatment of any kind of itching skin condition. It has been known to soothe severe itchiness even where all other remedies have failed.

Vietnamese named : Tinh Th?o ( các nhà hóa h?c ?ã ??t tên nh? v?y ). Tên Chickweed tôi ngh? g?i là C? gà thì nghe dân dã h?n.
Common names : Common Chickweed, Chickenwort, Craches, Maruns, Winterweed.
Scientist name : Stellaria media (L.) Vill.
Synonyms : Alsine media L. , Stellaria Apetala Ucria ex Roem.
Family : Caryophyllaceae ( Pink family ).
Scientific classification
Kingdom:Plantae
(unranked):Angiosperms
(unranked):Eudicots
(unranked):Core eudicots
Order:Caryophyllales
Genus:Stellaria
Species:S. media

**** www.bachkhoatrithuc.vn/encyclopedia/4669-4669-63393188701…
CÁCH THU HO?CH VÀ CH? BI?N D??C TH?O T? THIÊN NHIÊN

____________________________________________________________

**** plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=STME2
**** www.arkive.org/common-chickweed/stellaria-media/
**** www.ppws.vt.edu/scott/weed_id/steme.htm
**** www.anniesremedy.com/herb_detail149.php
**** www.naturalmedicinalherbs.net/herbs/s/stellaria-media=chi…

**** www.kingdomplantae.net/chickweed.php

Chickweed is another plant of Eurasian origin that’s made itself quite at home in the States and everywhere else that European people have traveled. It is now a common weed almost world-wide. Chickweed is an annual, but is somewhat unusual in that it often germinates in the fall (though it also germinates year-round), and hangs on through the winter, flowering and setting seed in the early spring, and dying off by summer. It’s at its best in the spring and fall, as it greatly prefers cool and damp conditions, and will not survive where it’s dry and hot.

This is a plant I looked everywhere for, and finally found in growing in embarrassing profusion along the north side of my house. Of course, now I see it all over. In spring and fall, before other plants get started, or after they’ve died or gone dormant, it grows right out in the open, and will generally appear in any sunny area of bare, moist, rich, soil. In summer, it’s more at home in cooler, partly shaded places, often provided by other plants. I find it most frequently in gardens, flower beds, and lawns.

Chickweed has shallow, fibrous, fragile roots. It’s easy to uproot accidentally, but will quickly recover if put back. The plant’s weak stems mostly trail along the ground (for up to about sixteen inches), but the growing ends may be upright (up to eight inches high). The stems branch very frequently and take root at the leaf junctions. If you look very closely at the stems, you’ll see a single line of hairs running up the side, and you’ll notice that the line changes sides at each leaf junction. The leaves are opposite, smooth, and oval (with a point at the tip), and the older leaves are stalked, while the new leaves are not.

Chickweed is just about always flowering, except in the dead of winter. It has tiny white flowers, about a quarter inch in diameter, in the leaf axils or in terminal clusters, with five deeply notched petals that look like ten, and five green sepals that are longer than the petals. The flowers close at night and open in the morning. They also close when it’s about to rain. Possibly they respond to changes in air pressure. It does seem that the flowers don’t open at all when a low pressure system is lingering. Chickweed also reacts to nightfall by folding its leaves over the growing tip to protect it.

The flowers develop into small capsule-like fruits which contain many tiny seeds (up to 15,000 per plant). The seeds generally germinate within a few years, but can remain viable for much longer.

Chickweed is generally used as food. I often nibble on it when I’m out in the yard. It has a mild, refreshing flavor. The leaves and stems can be added to salads, cooked as greens, or added to anything you might add greens to (which, to me, is just about everything). Just don’t cook it for more than a few minutes. Chickweed is particularly high in ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and mucilage, and also provides rutin, para amino benzoic acid (PABA), gamma linolenic acid (GLA, an omega-6 fatty acid derivative), niacin, riboflavin (B2), thiamin (B1), beta carotene (A), magnesium, iron, calcium, potassium, zinc, phosphorus, manganese, sodium, selenium, and silicon. The seeds are also edible. The plant can be dried for storage. Chickweed is a fairly safe food, however, as almost everything is somehow toxic if you use enough of it, over-consumption of this plant may give you diarrhea.

Medicinally, chickweed is tonic, diuretic, demulcent, expectorant, and mildly laxative. It’s often recommended for asthma, bronchitis, or congestion. It’s also said to help control obesity and is an ingredient in some herbal weight loss preparations. Externally, chickweed relieves itching and inflammation and is generally soothing and moisturizing. It can be used for any minor skin infections or irritations, and is an ingredient in a number of commercial skin care products. As far as I’ve been able to discover, this common plant has yet to be thoroughly scientifically studied.

However, the benefits ascribed to chickweed may simply be the result of its high nutritional value, especially the presence of gamma-linolenic acid (GLA). The medicinal effects of this fatty acid read much like the values ascribed to chickweed. GLA is recommended for a variety of skin problems, for hormone imbalances as in PMS, and for arthritis. It clears congestion, controls obesity, reduces inflammation, reduces water retention, acts as tonic for the liver, and reduces the negative effects of alcohol abuse.

Chickens and many other birds love chickweed, and eat both the plants and the seeds, which is how it gets its name. If you keep birds as pets, you can feed it to them too.

Chickweed is also one of the primary targets of various broad-leaf herbicides, but as I feel rather strongly about contributing poisons to the ecosystem, I would recommend weeding instead for those people who can’t learn to like this useful little plant.

Selected References

National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Wildflowers, Niering and Olmstead
Peterson Field Guides Eastern/Central Medicinal Plants, Steven Foster and James A. Duke
Peterson Field Guides Edible Wild Plants, Lee Allen Peterson
Field Guide to Edible Wild Plants, Bradford Angier
Stalking the Healthful Herbs, Euell Gibbons
Identifying and Harvesting Edible and Medicinal Plants, Steve Brill
The Encyclopedia of Edible Plants of North America, Francois Couplan, Ph.D.
Tom Brown’s Guide to Wild Edible and Medicinal Plants, Tom Brown, Jr.
A Modern Herbal, Volume I, Mrs. M. Grieve
Weeds, Alexander C Martin

**** en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stellaria_media

Uses

Stellaria media is edible and nutritious, and is used as a leaf vegetable, often raw in salads. It is one of the ingredients of the symbolic dish consumed in the Japanese spring-time festival, Nanakusa-no-sekku.

Folklore

The plant has uses in folk medicine. For example, 17th century herbalist John Gerard recommended it as a remedy for mange. Modern herbalists mainly prescribe it for skin diseases, and also for bronchitis, rheumatic pains, arthritis and period pain.[citation needed] A poultice of chickweed can be applied to cuts, burns and bruises.[citation needed] Not all of these uses are supported by scientific evidence.

Distribution and Identification

Stellaria media is widespread in North America from the Brooks Range in Alaska to all points south within North America. There are several closely related plants referred to as chickweed, but which lack the culinary and medicinal properties of plants in the genus Stellaria. Plants in the genus Cerastium are very similar in appearance to Stellaria and are in the same family (Carophyllaceae). Stellaria media can be easily distinguished from all other members of this family by examining the stems. Stellaria has fine hairs on only one side of the stem in a single band. Other members of the family Carophyllaceae which resemble Stellaria have hairs uniformly covering the entire stem.

Is it possible to COMPLETELY get over childhood psychological traumas such as betrayal of parents, rape etc?

Question by JSC2: Is it possible to COMPLETELY get over childhood psychological traumas such as betrayal of parents, rape etc?
How?
How do you “accept it and move on”?

Best answer:

Answer by happy_fairy_gurl
No. You just have to learn how to accept it and move on. Otherwise you’ll never live a “happy and normal” life.

Know better? Leave your own answer in the comments!